Homework Answers
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Juction reaction In one step of glycolysis, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is oxidized by NAD+ to...
In one step of glycolysis, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is oxidized by NAD+ to yield 3-phosphoglycerate and NADH....
In one step of glycolysis, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is oxidized by NAD+ to yield 3-phosphoglycerate and NADH. 1) Consider that reaction, in the direction written. Which chemicals) is(are) losing electrons, and which chemical(s) is(are) gaining electrons? It's best to answer this in a clear complete sentence. 2 2 2 Table 10-2 Standard Reduction Potentials for Redox Pairs of Biological Relevance* Redox Pair Number of (oxidized form → reduced form) Electrons E.(V) acetate pyruvate 2 -0.70 succinate → a-ketoglutarate 2 -0.67 acetate...
Use the chart to answer the questions. Please be correct and careful In one step of...
Use the chart to answer the questions. Please be correct and
careful
In one step of glycolysis, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is oxidized by NAD+ to yield 3-phosphoglycerate and NADH. 2 2 2 Table 10-2 Standard Reduction Potentials for Redox Pairs of Biological Relevance* Redox Pair Number of (oxidized form → reduced form) Electrons E.(V) acetate pyruvate 2 -0.70 succinate → a-ketoglutarate 2 -0.67 acetate acetaldehyde 2 -0.60 3-phosphoglycerate → glyceraldehyde-3-P 2 -0.55 a-ketoglutarate isocitrate -0.38 NAD+ → NADH 2 -0.32 FMN-FMNH2...
5. During step six of glycolysis glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) is converted to 1,3- bisphosphoglycerate (1,3-BPG) and NAD+...
5. During step six of glycolysis glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) is converted to 1,3- bisphosphoglycerate (1,3-BPG) and NAD+ is converted to NADH. (You can ignore the concentration of protons in the upcoming calculation.) G3P + P + NAD+ = 1,3 - BPG + NADH + H+ In the human erythrocyte, the concentration of G3P is 0.019 mm, the concentration of 1,3-BPG is 0.001 mM, the concentration of P, is 1.0 mm, and the ratio of NAD+ to NADH is 1000 to 1....
The reaction glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + NAD++Pi→ 1,3 diphosphoglycerate + NADH+H+ has ΔrG∘′=6.3kJmol−1. If the standard reduction potential...
The reaction glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate + NAD++Pi→ 1,3 diphosphoglycerate + NADH+H+ has ΔrG∘′=6.3kJmol−1. If the standard reduction potential ε∘′ of NAD+ is -0.324 V and the reaction 1,3 diphosphoglycerate + ADP→ 3-phosphoglycerate + ATP has ΔrG∘′=−18.8kJ/mol, calculate the standard reduction potential ε∘′ for the reaction 3-phosphoglycerate +2e−+3H+→ glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate +H2O.
1) Which of the following glycolysis intermediates can be generated from glycerol? dihydroxyacetone phosphate 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate...
1) Which of the following glycolysis intermediates can be generated from glycerol? dihydroxyacetone phosphate 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate 3-phosphoglycerate 2) Which of the following is the oxidizing agent in the reaction that converts succinate to fumarate? FAD, NADH, NAD+, succinate, Coenzyme A, or FADH2 3) Five NADH molecules in the mitochondria can be made into _____ number of ATP.
35) The overall reaction of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAP glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + NAD+ + P =...
35) The overall reaction of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAP glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + NAD+ + P = 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + NADH GAPDH couples together two reactions with favorable (AG'°-50 kj/mol) and unfavorable (AG' +50 kJ/mol) Gibbs free energies, respectively. a) (6 pts) Write the balanced chemical equations for the two separate reactions. b) (6 pts) Draw the structure of the thiohemiacetal intermediate and show the mechanism for generating the acyl thioester intermediate. 36) (4 pts) Under anaerobic conditions, lactic acid fermentation regenerates...
1. 2. 3. 4. Select all that apply. Identify the reaction(s) of glycolysis inhibited by ATP □ glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate → 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate phosphoenolpyruvate +pyruvate 3-phosphoglycerate...
1.
2.
3.
4.
Select all that apply. Identify the reaction(s) of glycolysis inhibited by ATP □ glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate → 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate phosphoenolpyruvate +pyruvate 3-phosphoglycerate ~2-phosphoglycerate 1) fructose-6-phosphate→ fructose-1,6-bisphosphate . glucose glucose-6-phosphate Select all that apply. Alcohol fermentation: consumes ATP as it produces ethanol. O produces carbon dioxide begins as pyruvate is decarboxylated to acetaldehyde in a reaction catalyzed by alcohol dehydrogenase m regenerates NAD requires the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase, In the figure below, what is the reaction occurring at the location...
The mechanism of glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase. In step 1 (Top Left) the sulfur from the cysteine loses its...
The mechanism of glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase. In
step 1 (Top Left) the sulfur from the cysteine loses its hydrogen
to the carbonyl carbon of the substrate. I think is wrong and the
hydrogen is stolen by the histidine (nitrogen) using a base
catalyst reaction.
lser Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate NAD CONH2 H -N + HH Hemithioacetal Oxidation NAD NADH CONH CONH2 Но RN + H -N / H Η Η Hн s NADH NAD Thioester intermediate Thioester intermediate Phosphorylation CONH2 O...
4. What is the commited step of glycolysis and how is this enzyme regulated? 5. Glyceraldehyde-3-phophate...
4. What is the commited step of glycolysis and how is this enzyme regulated? 5. Glyceraldehyde-3-phophate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is the most important enzyme in glycolysis. a. What two reactions are coupled by GAPDH? b. Draw the structure of the thiohemiacetal intermediate and show the mechanism for generating the acyl thioester intermediate. A+Bred Ared +B For the reaction: AG = Given: ngAE RT In n[Aj{8,al Nernst Equation: AE=A Use the reduction potentials in Table 14-4 to calculate the electromotive force, AE,...
GLYCOLYSIS Glucose-8 phosphate + Glucose 2 Fructose-6-phosphate 3 Fructose-1,6-biphosphate Dihydroxy-acetone-phosphate 5 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate VT6 2 (1,3-biphosphoglycerate) 7...
GLYCOLYSIS Glucose-8 phosphate + Glucose 2 Fructose-6-phosphate 3 Fructose-1,6-biphosphate Dihydroxy-acetone-phosphate 5 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate VT6 2 (1,3-biphosphoglycerate) 7 3-phosphoglycerate 2-phosphoglycerate 9 phosphoenolpyruvate 10 Lactate Pyruvate Which two reactions of glycolysis requires an investment of ATP energy, and which enzyme catalyzes each reaction? Reaction Number Enzyme Reaction Number Enzyme Which two reactions of glycolysis generate energy in the form of ATP, and which enzyme catalyzes each reaction? Reaction Number Enzyme Reaction Number Enzyme Which glycolytic reaction generates energy in the form of NADH,...
In one step of glycolysis, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is oxidized by NAD+ to yield 3-phosphoglycerate and NADH. 1) Consider that reaction, in the direction written. Which chemicals) is(are) losing electrons, and which chemical(s) is(are) gaining electrons? It's best to answer this in a clear complete sentence. 2 2 2 Table 10-2 Standard Reduction Potentials for Redox Pairs of Biological Relevance* Redox Pair Number of (oxidized form → reduced form) Electrons E.(V) acetate pyruvate 2 -0.70 succinate → a-ketoglutarate 2 -0.67 acetate...
Use the chart to answer the questions. Please be correct and
careful
In one step of glycolysis, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is oxidized by NAD+ to yield 3-phosphoglycerate and NADH. 2 2 2 Table 10-2 Standard Reduction Potentials for Redox Pairs of Biological Relevance* Redox Pair Number of (oxidized form → reduced form) Electrons E.(V) acetate pyruvate 2 -0.70 succinate → a-ketoglutarate 2 -0.67 acetate acetaldehyde 2 -0.60 3-phosphoglycerate → glyceraldehyde-3-P 2 -0.55 a-ketoglutarate isocitrate -0.38 NAD+ → NADH 2 -0.32 FMN-FMNH2...
5. During step six of glycolysis glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) is converted to 1,3- bisphosphoglycerate (1,3-BPG) and NAD+ is converted to NADH. (You can ignore the concentration of protons in the upcoming calculation.) G3P + P + NAD+ = 1,3 - BPG + NADH + H+ In the human erythrocyte, the concentration of G3P is 0.019 mm, the concentration of 1,3-BPG is 0.001 mM, the concentration of P, is 1.0 mm, and the ratio of NAD+ to NADH is 1000 to 1....
35) The overall reaction of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAP glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + NAD+ + P = 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate + NADH GAPDH couples together two reactions with favorable (AG'°-50 kj/mol) and unfavorable (AG' +50 kJ/mol) Gibbs free energies, respectively. a) (6 pts) Write the balanced chemical equations for the two separate reactions. b) (6 pts) Draw the structure of the thiohemiacetal intermediate and show the mechanism for generating the acyl thioester intermediate. 36) (4 pts) Under anaerobic conditions, lactic acid fermentation regenerates...
1.
2.
3.
4.
Select all that apply. Identify the reaction(s) of glycolysis inhibited by ATP □ glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate → 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate phosphoenolpyruvate +pyruvate 3-phosphoglycerate ~2-phosphoglycerate 1) fructose-6-phosphate→ fructose-1,6-bisphosphate . glucose glucose-6-phosphate Select all that apply. Alcohol fermentation: consumes ATP as it produces ethanol. O produces carbon dioxide begins as pyruvate is decarboxylated to acetaldehyde in a reaction catalyzed by alcohol dehydrogenase m regenerates NAD requires the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase, In the figure below, what is the reaction occurring at the location...
The mechanism of glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate dehydrogenase. In
step 1 (Top Left) the sulfur from the cysteine loses its hydrogen
to the carbonyl carbon of the substrate. I think is wrong and the
hydrogen is stolen by the histidine (nitrogen) using a base
catalyst reaction.
lser Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate NAD CONH2 H -N + HH Hemithioacetal Oxidation NAD NADH CONH CONH2 Но RN + H -N / H Η Η Hн s NADH NAD Thioester intermediate Thioester intermediate Phosphorylation CONH2 O...
4. What is the commited step of glycolysis and how is this enzyme regulated? 5. Glyceraldehyde-3-phophate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is the most important enzyme in glycolysis. a. What two reactions are coupled by GAPDH? b. Draw the structure of the thiohemiacetal intermediate and show the mechanism for generating the acyl thioester intermediate. A+Bred Ared +B For the reaction: AG = Given: ngAE RT In n[Aj{8,al Nernst Equation: AE=A Use the reduction potentials in Table 14-4 to calculate the electromotive force, AE,...
GLYCOLYSIS Glucose-8 phosphate + Glucose 2 Fructose-6-phosphate 3 Fructose-1,6-biphosphate Dihydroxy-acetone-phosphate 5 Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate VT6 2 (1,3-biphosphoglycerate) 7 3-phosphoglycerate 2-phosphoglycerate 9 phosphoenolpyruvate 10 Lactate Pyruvate Which two reactions of glycolysis requires an investment of ATP energy, and which enzyme catalyzes each reaction? Reaction Number Enzyme Reaction Number Enzyme Which two reactions of glycolysis generate energy in the form of ATP, and which enzyme catalyzes each reaction? Reaction Number Enzyme Reaction Number Enzyme Which glycolytic reaction generates energy in the form of NADH,...
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