Question

1.What element in prokaryotic mRNAs directs the ribosome to the initiation codon?

1. TATA box
2. Promoter
3. Pribnow box
4. Lac Operator
5. Shine-Delgarno sequence

2.The cell envelope of Gram positive bacteria is comprised of:

1. a cytoplasmic membrane, one layer of peptidoglycan and a Lipopolysaccharide
2. (LPS)-containing outer membrane
3. one layer of peptidoglycan
4. peptidoglycan and chitin
5. a cytoplasmic membrane, multiple layers of peptidoglycan and techoic acids LPS only

3.Osmotic lysis of the bacterial cell is prevented by which cell structure?

A. Cytoplasmic membrane
B. Lipopolysaccharide
C. Outer membrane

D. Mitochondrion

E. Cell wall

4.The Tri Carboxylic Acid (TCA) cycle in plants

1. Provides substrates for synthesis of a wide range of amino acids
2. Occurs in the cytosol
3. Occurs in the chloroplast
4. Degrades lipids to provide energy for plant cells
5. All of the above

5.Two important types of secondary structure found in proteins are...............

1. Double helix and β-sheet
2. β-sheet and domains
3. domains and modules
4. α-helix and β-sheet
5. disuphide bonds and salt bridges

6.Which of the following statements about Starch is correct?

1. It is a structural polysaccharide
2. It has no branchpoints
3. It is a peptidoglycan
4. It consists of amylose and amylopectin
5. It is broken down by cellulases

7.Protein synthesis requires which one of the following?

1. Endosomes
2. Peptidoglycan
3. DNA polymerases
4. Restriction endonucleases
5. Ribosomes

8.The bonds linking monomer units in a polysaccharide are.........................

1. Glycolytic bonds
2. Ketone derivatives
3. C-C backbone bonds
4. Glycosidic bonds
5. Hydrophobic bonds

9.Turgor pressure is..............................................................................

1. The pressure exerted by one cell on another
2. The pressure resulting from water ingress into the cytoplasm
3. The pressure of the atmosphere on the cell surface
4. The pressure exerted by salts in the environment
5. The pressure produced by cell growth

1. 10.The shoot apical meristem cannot make.................................................
   1. Leaves
   2. Flowers
   3. Roots
   4. Fruits
   5. Seeds

11.Which one of the compounds below is NOT a primary product of photosynthesis?

1. Starch
2. Sucrose
3. Triose phosphate
4. Phosphoglyceric acid (PGA)
5. Glucose

12.Which one of the following is a NOT a storage polysaccharide?

A. Agar.

B. Amylose.

C. Glycogen.

D. Chitin.
E. Laminaran.

13.Is the bond linking individual sugar units to each other in an oligosaccharide or polysaccharide a.................................................

1. hydrogen bond
2. non-covalent bond
3. phosphodiester bond
4. electrostatic interaction
5. covalent bond

14.Horizontal genetic exchange does not occur by which of the following means.....

1. DNA replication and cell division
2. Phage-mediated transduction
3. Plasmid-mediated conjugation
4. Transformation
5. Transposition followed by plasmid-mediated conjugation

15.Which of the following statements about DNA synthesis in eukaryotes is correct?

1. Synthesis of linear chromosomes leads to telomere shortening in somatic cells
2. Unwinding of DNA by helicases is facilitated by positive supercoils
3. DNA synthesis is initiated at a single origin of replication
4. The daughter strands are synthesised in a 3’-5’ direction
5. Activation of an origin of replication generates a single replication fork

16.What element in the promoter of eukaryotic genes transcribed by RNA Polymerase II is bound by the basal transcription factor TFIID?

1. TATA box
2. Shine-Delgarno sequence
3. Pribnow box
4. Lac Operator
5. Initiator

Answer 1

1. "Prinnow box" in prokaryotic mRNAs directs the ribosome to the initiation codon.

2. The cell envelope of gram-positive bacteria is comprised of- "a cytoplasmic membrane, multiple layers of peptidoglycan and teichoic acids LPS only.

3. Osmotic lysis of the bacterial cell is prevented by the outer membrane.

7. Protein synthesis requires ribosome.

8. The bonds linking monomer units in a polysaccharide are "glycosidic bonds".

12. Agar is not a type of storage polysaccharide.