Question

(Glu) (Asp) Aspartic acid Glutamic acid Serine (Ser) Alanine (Ala) GU Jc Tyrosine (Tyr) A U Valine (Val) G А G Cysteine (Cys) с с U GTyptophan (Trp) START HERE Arginine (Arg) G U с A C Leucine (Leu) Serine (Ser) А с с UGA p501492) Proline (Pro) Lysine (Lys) Asparagine (AST) Threonine (Thr) Methionine (Met) Isoleucine (lle) o Arginine (Arg) Glutamine (Gin) Histidine (His) Key - Start codon - Stop codon

The DNA sequence below is copied from question 30 and has a mutation (highlighted in yellow).

TACGTACATACT

1) Transcribe the new sequence.

2) Translate the new sequence.

What is the mutation?

Original sequence:

TACGTCCATACT

Mutated sequence:

TACGTACATACT

Answer 1

1.The mutated DNA sequence is TACGTACATACT.

Transcription is the process in which a DNA sequence is copied into RNA by the enzyme RNA polymerase.RNA polymerase binds to the DNA sequence ,and separates the two strands of DNA helix.Then RNA polymerase builds a RNA strand that has nucleotides complementary to the nucleotides in the DNA sequence.Three steps of transcription are Initiation,Elongation and Termination.For Adenine the complementary nucleotide is Thymine and vice versa but in RNA sequence uracil is instead of thymine.For Guanine,the complementary nucleotide is cytosine and vice versa.

The transcribed new sequence is :

AUGCAUGUAUGA

2. Translation is the process in which the nucleotides in RNA sequence is decoded into sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain.There are four nucleotides and 20 different amino acids are formed from this.Three nucleotides together called codon is codes for one amino acid.Translation starts with start codon AUG.It takes place inside ribosome.tRNA act as adapter molecule between the mRNA and amino acids.tRNA contain a three base anticodon that bind with corresponding mRNA and brings the correct amino acid.The amino acids are linked by peptide bonds to form protein

The translation of above sequence is:

Methionine(start)-Histidine - valine - Stop

While analyzing the original sequence and mutated sequence,this is a point mutation in which a single nucleotide is substituted with another nucleotide.The nucleotide cytosine in the original sequence is substituted with Adenine in the mutated sequence.More specifically this is Missense Mutation.In this mutation ,a single change in the nucleotide can result in change in the amino acid decoded.