Question

Hello, this is my study guide for my final test, please help me find the right answers to them.
QUESTION 1 The epiglottis directly covers the glottis found inside the larynx. True False QUESTION 2 The trachea connects to the lungs. True False QUESTION 3 The glottis blocks the opening to the respiratory passage during swallowing. True False QUESTION 4 Inhaled air goes directly into the nasopharynx. True O False QUESTION 5 Residual lung air volume is the amount of air normally inhaled and exhaled. O True False

Answer 1

1) True. The glottis is the opening of the windpipe that is prevented by the epiglottis so that food does not enter the larynx or the voice box or the windpipe. The epiglottis does cover the glottis which is at the beginning of the larynx.

2) True. The trachea or the windpipe is the connection from the nostrils to the lungs. The trachea divides into bronchi that is connected to the left and right lungs but because these bronchi are a part of the subdivided trachea, so the statement is correct.

3) False. The glottis is the opening to the larynx or the voice box that leads to the tracheal extension into the lungs. The epiglottis blocke the food from entering the windpipe, not the glottis.

4) False. The inhaled air does not directly move into the nasopharynx. It first passes into the nasal cavity where it is filtered and then into the nasopharyx.

5) False. The amount of air normally inhaled or exhaled is the inspiratory and expiratory volumes. Residual volume is the amount of air that still remains in the lungs after forceful expiration.

6) False. The sensory recpetors are the part of the dendrites of the sensory neurons and they are responsible for detecting any chnage in the external environment. They do not pass it to the dendrites but to the axons of the next neurons

7) False. The mylein sheath is produced by the oligodendrocytes. Neuroglial cells are the nerve cells and the microglial cells are the brain cells.

8) False. The external nares are the openings of the nostrils and they connect to the internal nasal passage and then to the trachea.

9) True . The resting potential of the neurons are almost -70mV. This means that the inside of the neuron is 70mV less electrically charged than the outer environment. So there are more potassium ions inside and more sodium ions outside.

10) False. The water molecules present around the neurons, the potential of the ions change when there is change in the orientation of the water molecules and vice versa. But there is no specific role of the water molecules in the nervous system.

11) True. The presence of an iron gradient allows easy potential buildup and allows easy electrical conduction.

12) False. The reflex actions require fast speed because reflex actions donot include the brain but the spinal cords. Reflex actions occur instantly and as soon as the impulse is received.

13) True. Sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are subdivisions of the autonomic nervous system depeding on the dependency and the independency of the systems.

14) True. Drug abuse inhibits the functioning of the neurotransmitter receptors and thus meddles with the normal functioning of the neurotransmission process of the neurons.

15) False. The nerve cells or the neurons are made up of specialized parts called the dendrites and the axons. Dendrites transfer the electric signals from one nerve cell to the cell body of the next nerve cell by passing the signal through the axon.

16) True. Neuroglial cells do not conduct any nerve impulses but they form the mylein and maintain the homeostasis in the neurons.

17) True. The depolarization of the membrane potential allows the formation of the action potential that travels down to open the sodium gated ion channels and thus allows the sodium to enter.

18) True. Neurotransmitters are the chemical messengers that are responsible for the transfer of the nerve impulses among individual neurons and also between the body and the nervous system

19) False. The memories are stored inside the hippocampus of the brain in the temporal region.

20) False. The autonomic nervous system is responsible for coordinating all the physiological and the involuntary processes of the body like the heart beat, breathing, digestion etc.

21) False. During the expiration,the diaphragm moves to it's original location and becomes flat, the intercostal muscles contract and the volume decreases in the lungs thus the ribcages moves in and down.

22) True. The air outside is having more pressure as compared to the air inside the lungs which makes the air force inside the lungs and breathing takes place.

23) True. Carbonic anhydrase is found in the RBCs that convert the carbon dioxide and water into carbonic acid that is then broken down to release bicarbonate ions and protons. This makes the blood alkaline and controls the blood pH

24) True. The left side of the heart receives the oxygenated blood from the pulmonary veins and thus pumps the venous blood into the body

25) True. Normally the veins carry deoxygenated blood to the heart and hence they have less load which makes them having less blood pressure.

26) False. The capillary blood first enters the venules which then combines into a larger vein

P.S. Couldn't complete all for limited time. Post a separate question with the rest of the remaining questions here. I will be happy to help for the rest.