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In a case where we see a class of loss-of-function mutations and null alleles being produced....

In a case where we see a class of loss-of-function mutations and null alleles being produced. Can we assume its due to a mutant site on the promoter. Or a mutant site on an exon? As well for null alleles would transcript be detected on these sites and would we see a polypeptide form?

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Loss of function allele: A mutation that abolishes the function of gene/protein
Null allele: A loss of function mutation that completely abolishes the function of a gene/protein.
In a null allele,
a. The transcript may not be made due to mutations in the promoter
b. The protein may not be made due to mutations in the ribosome binding site/improper splicing/premature stop codons

A null can be produced if there is a nonsense mutation located early in the coding sequence (Exon). In such a case, a truncated protein is produced which does not exhibit any function.
A null allele may produce the transcript or protein. But, the function is completely abolished.

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