Question

1. Briefly explain what is blood pressure? (6 points) (a) how is a blood pressure measurement written (b) Systole over Diastole (for healthy measurement)

Answer 1

Blood pressure = column of bood are exerted lateral pressure on the wall of arteries. the pressure is exerted when blood flow through the arteries. the term 'blood pressure' refers to arterial blood pressure. arterial blood pressure is expressed in 4 different term :

1. systolic blood pressure = maximum pressure exerted in arteries during systole of heart. normal systolic pressure = 120mmHg

2. diastolic blood pressure = minimum pressure exerted in the arteries during diastole of heart. normal diastolic pressure = 80 mmHg.

a. the blood pressure measurement written in 'mmHg'. where, mm is milimeter, and and 'Hg' is mercury.. after measuring the blood pressure of any patient then you write the blood pressure systole/ diastole . example is 120/80 mmHg . Here, 120 is systole and 80 is diastole.

b. * understanding of systolic blood pressure :

normal = below 120

elevated = 120 -- 129

high blood pressure = 130 --139

hypertension = 140 or more.

* understanding of diastolic blood pressure :

normal = below 80

    hypertension 1 = 80 --89

hypertension 2 = 90 or more

2. four main phase of cardiac cycle ::

atrial systole = duration of atrial systole is 0.11 second. the primary action of atrial systole is ventricular filling.

atrial diastole = duration of atrial diastole is 0.69 second . the primary action of atrial diastole is atrial filling.

ventricular systole = duration of ventricular systole is 0.27 second. the primary action of ventricular systole is steep increase in pressure and also pumping of blood in to systemic and pulmonary blood vessels.

ventricular diastole = duration of ventricular diastole is 0.53 second. the primary action of ventricular diastole is beginning of diastole , rapid fall in pressure and filling of ventricles.