Question

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67. * Nor involved here respiration SO or 72.> ATĚ when glucose is coinpletely oxidited to CO2H2O? The major purpose of Ozg) in aerobie respiration lor of reducing pyruvate* in anaerobie respiration is a) to phosphorylate the maximum number of ATP molecules b) regenerate NAD so the processes may Continue (c) allow for the replacement of Ho molecules that are split (d) mobilize succeeding glucose molewles glycolysis can continue 68. Carbon dioxide during which one or more of the follow ing processes?.(a) glycolysis (o)oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl. COA (c) Krebo cycle (d) oxidative phosphorylation (chemiosmosis) 69. Using the choices in #68, which produces the MOST 70. which stage occurs in the cytosol? (use choices in #68) 71. The proteins cytochromes, of the electron transport chain are located. (a) on the mitochondrial inner membrane (b) on the mitochondrial outer membrane (c) in the mito- chondrial matrix rd) in the cytosol @on the cristae 72. ATP synthase enzymes of chloroplasts for mitochondria) phosphorylate App by obtaining energy, directly from 'as the oxidation of NASH or NADPH 16 the electron flow through an electron transport system (C) substrate-level phosphoryla- tion of phosphenolpyruvate (d) the transport of 'hydrogen ions (ht) doin' a gradient, across a membrane (e)oxidation of HzO molecules, which' releare electrons 73. (THINK) During respiration (aerobic), electrons travel in which sequence?!. (a) glucose → ATP-ETS → NADH (6) glucose- glycolysis – krebs cycle + NADH->ATP WADH -> ETS → Oxygen odglucose → Krebs cycle → ATP → NAD* re) glucose + ATP → Oz 74. In comparing, net equations intermediate products along metabólic pathways, how do respiration photosynthesis Compare with each other? (a) There is no basis for comparison. (6) They vary in comparison, depending on environment mediate produets d'The 'end-productor intermediate The pathways are opposite, often sharing the same inter- (c) glucose enzymes are both the same.

Answer 1

67. C

68. B, C

69. C

70. A

71. A

72. D

73. C

74. C

All the questions are related to respiration.

Cellular respiration is the process of of breakdown of glucose for the generation of ATP. ATP is the energy currency of the cell which is used by the cell to perform is metabolic activities.

Cellular respiration can take place in the presence of oxygen is it called as aerobic respiration. Or it can also take place in the absence of oxygen is called as anaerobic respiration. Aerobic respiration is much more efficient than anaerobic respiration because the former produces 30 molecules of ATP per glucose is oxidised whereas latter produces only two molecules of ATP.

The first step in cellular respiration is glycolysis in which one molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvic acid. It is a common step for aerobic and anaerobic respiration. It takes place in cytoplasm.

In second step, which is exclusive to only aerobic respiration, pyruvic acid is oxidised to acetyl coenzyme a along with the release of carbon dioxide. It takes place in mitochondrial matrix.

In third step, which is citric acid cycle and takes place only during aerobic respiration, acetyl coenzyme a is oxidised to carbon dioxide and water.

In the last step, all the high energy electron carriers, NADH amd FADH₂, enter electron transport chain in inner mitochondrial membrane and this results in the formation of water. Water is formed by the reduction of oxygen which is the ultimate electron acceptor. During this process, proton gradient is established across inner mitochondrial membrane. The electrochemical energy stored in proton gradient is utilised by ATP synthase enzyme for the formation of ATP.

glycolysis 1 glucose step 772 pjuric acid + 2 NADH + 2ATP NADH transporter outer mitochondrial membrane cytosol pyruvate transporter step 4 to 1 intermembrane space step 5 electron oxidative transport phosphorylation/ system/chain chemiosmosis H+ H+ H+ 'H+ J. ATP synthase & pyunic acid ADP H*H* ATP inner mitochondrial membrane It pyruvate dexarboxylation/ step 2 preparatory step (2 rounds) to 1 d acetyl.com +, + &'NADH to 1 step 3 Kreb's cycle (2 rounds) + 3 NADH X2-6 →2 CO₂ X 2 =4 I FASH, X2-24 toll IGTP X2=2 mitochondrial matrix OVERVIEW OF AEROBIC CELLULAR RESPIRATION

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