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I) Ocean and lake water typically contain >107 virions/mL. Does this mean that swimming in or drinking this water will make you sick? Why or why not? How do these viruses impact human and environmental health?
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Though there are many virions per mL of ocean and lake water, the virus populations are mainly dominated by bacteriophages. Bacteriophages are the viruses that can only infect prokaryotic cells, thus the majority of the viruses in ocean and lake waters cannot actually infect human cells and would not make people sick. though ingesting lots of the bacteriophages could impact the bacteria in the colon, but this has never been noticed or documented as a cause of illness and would not be considered a viral infection. The bacteriophages found in the environment are an important part of the natural ecology and help to regulate bacterial populations. Bacteriophages also impact bacterial evolution via transduction and transmittance of new genes between bacteria.

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