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Subject: gene regulation We looked at two systems (NtrC and MerR) that regulate through allostery. a....

Subject: gene regulation

We looked at two systems (NtrC and MerR) that regulate through allostery.

a. Describe the NtrC system and explain how this is an example of alternative use of sigma factors. In what way does ?54 differ from ?70? What is the allosteric change that happens in this regulation?

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Answer #1

NtrC is an activator protein which increases the transcription of the glnA gene. This protein binds to the upstream of the promoter of the gene. RNA polymerase having sigma proteins, recognized this protein. This is sigma factor 54. This is known as alternative sigma factor because it is involved in controlling various morphological development and stress situation. Sigma factor 70 is required for the bulk of transcription in the bacteria. Sigma 54 proteins, require the presence of enhancer proteins and energy from ATP.

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