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If the sodium concentration of the gut lumen falls below that of the the intestinal epithelium...
Exercise 10.3 Cholera This exercise looks at the symptoms of cholera and how the bacterium causes...
Exercise 10.3 Cholera This exercise looks at the symptoms of cholera and how the bacterium causes them. Cholera is often treated by oral rehydration therapy (ORT), and this exercise should also help you to gain an understanding of how this works and the ethics of testing new therapies. 1 The cholera bacterium, Vibrio cholero, releases a toxin that causes intestinal epithelial cells to actively pump out chloride ions into the lumen of the intestine. This causes water loss from the...
Roles of the Na+/ K+ pump 1. Maintain the Nat/K+ concentration gradicnt across the plasma membrane....
Roles of the Na+/ K+ pump 1. Maintain the Nat/K+ concentration gradicnt across the plasma membrane. (That's obvious) 2. It plays a role in maintaining the resting membrane potential. Why? 3. The steep electrochemical gradient of Na+ is used in "coupled active transport" (coupled pumps). If the Nat/K+ pump stops, then these Na+ coupled transport mechanisms will also eventually stop. Explain The apical surface of the epithelial cells that line the lumen of the gut contains a symport that used...
1) Glucose enters human enterocytes (intestinal epithelial cells) against its concentration gradient. A Na+ ion enters...
1) Glucose enters human enterocytes (intestinal epithelial cells) against its concentration gradient. A Na+ ion enters the cell with each glucose molecule, and while the glucose transporter does not hydrolyze ATP, it depends on a pre-existing gradient of Na+ ions that is created by the Na+/K+ ATPase. This is an example of ____________. A. primary active uniport B. secondary active antiport C. primary active symport D. secondary active symport 2) Which statement is FALSE? A. Acetyl CoA is oxidized to...
21. The fluid in blood vessels and the Interstitial space is referred to as: a. The...
21. The fluid in blood vessels and the Interstitial space is referred to as: a. The extracellular fluid compartment b. Plasma c. The Intracellular fluid compartment 22. Why is the resting cell membrane more permeable to K+ than to Na+? a. Because gated K+ channels are always open. b. Because K+ can diffuse through the phospholipid bilayer of the resting cell membrane and Na+ cannot. c. Because the cell membrane contains Leak (ungated) K+ Channels. 23. Lipid soluble molecules, carbon...
. For each of the 3 situations below, use an arrow to indicate the net movement...
. For each of the 3 situations below, use an arrow to indicate the net movement of water into or out of the cell through the semipermeable plasma membrane (i.e. osmosis). (Assume that the sugar molecules cannot pass through the plasma membrane in each case.) 1% sugar (inside a circule) 3% sugar (inside a circule) 1% sugar (inside a circule) 5% sugar 1% sugar 1% sugar 3. In each of the drawings above, indicate if the inside of the cell...
During the aerobic metabolism of glucose, glucose is ____________. Reduced to form water Oxidized to form...
During the aerobic metabolism of glucose, glucose is ____________. Reduced to form water Oxidized to form water Reduced to form CO2 Oxidized to form CO2 Which of the following describes the equation: FAD + XH2 à FADH2 + X. FAD is reduced to FADH2 It is a coupled reduction – oxidation reaction XH2 is oxidized to X All of the above Which of the following is FALSE about glycolysis? The initial steps of glycolysis requires energy derived from the splitting...
22-25 and Essay 22. The epidermis a) is classified as pseudostratified columnar epithelium b) allows uncontrolled...
22-25 and Essay
22. The epidermis a) is classified as pseudostratified columnar epithelium b) allows uncontrolled water loss from the body c) might include keratinocytes, melanocytes, Merkel cells and Langerhans cells d) All the above (a, b and c) are correct 23. Cartilage a) does not contain blood vessels b) is highly negatively charged because of sugars and sulfate groups attached to sugars e) absorbs large amounts of water which acts as a "shock absorber when pressure is applied to...
The thick ascending limb of nephron loop: 45 Multiple Choice 002200 uses a Na/K/Cl exchanger to...
The thick ascending limb of nephron loop: 45 Multiple Choice 002200 uses a Na/K/Cl exchanger to move Na+ and CH from the epithelial cell into the interstitial fluid maintains an osmotic gradient by pumping Na+ and Cl- from the interstitial fluid into the epithelial cell uses a cotransporter to bring Na+, K+ and C- from the tubular fluid into the epithelial cell O has many aquaporins that allow the osmosis of water into the salty medullary fluid Which of the...
Please answer the following questions for numbers 7-9. If you are not sure please write it...
Please answer the following questions for numbers 7-9. If you
are not sure please write it next to the problem number. I am a
little confused with these. I will rate good!
. If the membrane shown in the beakers below is only permeable to Na", and the beaker on the left epresents the initial state, which of the following will occur over time? Na A, a. Na will diffuse to the left side of the membrane, causing a net...
_____membranes proteins are associated with the bilayer through interactions with other membrane component on the surface...
_____membranes proteins are associated with the bilayer through interactions with other membrane component on the surface of the membrane. Net movement of particles from a region where they are more concentrated to a region where they are law concentrated is called Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane down its own concentration gradient It called A solution with an equivalent concentration of water and hence the tame osmotic pressure as the fluid inside the cell is said to be...
Exercise 10.3 Cholera This exercise looks at the symptoms of cholera and how the bacterium causes them. Cholera is often treated by oral rehydration therapy (ORT), and this exercise should also help you to gain an understanding of how this works and the ethics of testing new therapies. 1 The cholera bacterium, Vibrio cholero, releases a toxin that causes intestinal epithelial cells to actively pump out chloride ions into the lumen of the intestine. This causes water loss from the...
Roles of the Na+/ K+ pump 1. Maintain the Nat/K+ concentration gradicnt across the plasma membrane. (That's obvious) 2. It plays a role in maintaining the resting membrane potential. Why? 3. The steep electrochemical gradient of Na+ is used in "coupled active transport" (coupled pumps). If the Nat/K+ pump stops, then these Na+ coupled transport mechanisms will also eventually stop. Explain The apical surface of the epithelial cells that line the lumen of the gut contains a symport that used...
21. The fluid in blood vessels and the Interstitial space is referred to as: a. The extracellular fluid compartment b. Plasma c. The Intracellular fluid compartment 22. Why is the resting cell membrane more permeable to K+ than to Na+? a. Because gated K+ channels are always open. b. Because K+ can diffuse through the phospholipid bilayer of the resting cell membrane and Na+ cannot. c. Because the cell membrane contains Leak (ungated) K+ Channels. 23. Lipid soluble molecules, carbon...
22-25 and Essay
22. The epidermis a) is classified as pseudostratified columnar epithelium b) allows uncontrolled water loss from the body c) might include keratinocytes, melanocytes, Merkel cells and Langerhans cells d) All the above (a, b and c) are correct 23. Cartilage a) does not contain blood vessels b) is highly negatively charged because of sugars and sulfate groups attached to sugars e) absorbs large amounts of water which acts as a "shock absorber when pressure is applied to...
The thick ascending limb of nephron loop: 45 Multiple Choice 002200 uses a Na/K/Cl exchanger to move Na+ and CH from the epithelial cell into the interstitial fluid maintains an osmotic gradient by pumping Na+ and Cl- from the interstitial fluid into the epithelial cell uses a cotransporter to bring Na+, K+ and C- from the tubular fluid into the epithelial cell O has many aquaporins that allow the osmosis of water into the salty medullary fluid Which of the...
Please answer the following questions for numbers 7-9. If you
are not sure please write it next to the problem number. I am a
little confused with these. I will rate good!
. If the membrane shown in the beakers below is only permeable to Na", and the beaker on the left epresents the initial state, which of the following will occur over time? Na A, a. Na will diffuse to the left side of the membrane, causing a net...
_____membranes proteins are associated with the bilayer through interactions with other membrane component on the surface of the membrane. Net movement of particles from a region where they are more concentrated to a region where they are law concentrated is called Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane down its own concentration gradient It called A solution with an equivalent concentration of water and hence the tame osmotic pressure as the fluid inside the cell is said to be...
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