Unnatural amino acid mutagenesis might be one of the most groundbreaking achievements in modern biochemistry. This process allows for the incorporation of amino acids not coded for by the body (one's different from the 20 amino acids you studied in this course). This process allows scientists to use amino acids with different functional groups not found in nature.
1). How many different codons are there that can be used to recognize the modified tRNA?
2). What are they called?
tRNA genes: There are 86 tRNA genes on the E. coli chromosome . Thus, many tRNA genes are redundant. The tRNA genes that are redundant correlate well with the tRNAs that are most abundant in the cell (tRNAs which recognize the most frequently used codons) and the single copy tRNAs encode less abundant tRNAs.
The relative amount that different codons are used differs in different organisms. During that same year, Marshall Nirenberg and Heinrich Matthaei began deciphering the genetic code, and they determined that the codon UUU specifically represented the amino acid phenylalanine.
Unnatural amino acid mutagenesis might be one of the most groundbreaking achievements in modern biochemistry. This...
Use of Modern Molecular Techniques to Determine the Synthetic Pathway of a Novel Amino Acid. Most of the biosynthetic pathways described in our book were determined before the development of recombinant DNA technology and genomics, so the techniques were quite different from those that researchers would use today. Through this question, you will explore an example of the use of modern molecular techniques to investigate the pathway of synthesis of a novel amino acid, (2S)-4- amino-2-hydroxybutyrate (AHBA). AHBA is a...