Question

It’s project management work and book is project management a managerial approach 7th

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1. Name and briefly describe the societal forces that have 2. Describe the life cycle of a project in terms of(1) the 3. Describe the limitations of project management. 7. How do projects, programs, tasks, and work packages contributed to the need for project management. 8. How would you define a project? 9. What are some of the interdependencies related to a degree of project completion; (2) required effort. project? must deal with? Would learning a new skill through the project be a 4. List the seven main characteristics of a project and 10. What are some sources of conflict the project manager briefly describe the important features of each. Name and briefly describe the three primary goals of a . Differentiate between direct and ancillary project goals. project 6. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of project direct or ancillary goal? Entering a new market? management 12. Describe the characteristics of quasi-projects.

Answer 1

1) Name and briefly describe the societal forces that have contributed to the need for project management.

There are many societal forces involve in the development of new methods of management, but three forces are most important: (1) The exponential expansion of human knowledge: it allows the increasing number of people studying how they can resolve problems with development, production, and distribution of goods and services (2) The growing demand for a broad range of complex, sophisticated, customized goods and services: How they can resolve problems with satisfying the continuing demand for more complex and customized products and services. (3) The evolution of worldwide competitive markets for the production and consumptions of goods and services: Through this market competition, the companies, profit or not-for-profit, need to use quality tools becoming more complex, the responses must come faster and decisions as sooner as possible.

2) Describe the life cycle of a project in terms of (1) the degree of project completion (2) required effort.

The life cycle of project can be describe like (1) the project completion: the project is born, a manager is choice, the project team and initial resources are assembled, and the work is organized, so the work start with a quick momentum. However, for completing the final tasks, it will use a lot time, partially because there are a number of parts that must come together and also because the team members avoid the final steps or (2) the required effort: in this cycle, the time is broken into several phases of project life. Minimal effort is required in the beginning of the project and in the part of planning, scheduling, monitoring, and controlling the effort has its peak level and will be decreasing until the end project.

3) Describe the limitations of project management

There is a lot bureaucracy in every project, a simple project can need an admission from the parent organization and its managers, depending on their goodwill.

4)List the seven main characteristics of a project and briefly describe the important features of each.

(1) Importance: The project needs to be important for the eyes of senior management to justify setting up a special organizational unit outside the routine structure of organization.
(2) Scope: the project is complex and can be divide into subtasks that require careful coordination and control in terms of timing, precedence, cost, and scope.
(3) Life Cycle with a finite due date: The project has a life cycle, normally, with a slow beginning to a buildup of size, then peak, begin a decline and finally must be terminated.
(4) Interdependencies: Projects often interact with other projects.
(5) Uniqueness: Every project has some elements unique and it is unique for the organization.
(6) Resources: The project limited budget implied in restricted resources (personal or not).
(7) Conflict: The members of projects are in almost conflict for the project resources and for leadership roles on solving projects problems and the manager need to conciliate his boss and stakeholders' desires.

5)Name and briefly describe the three primary goals of a project

(1)Performance: Required performance to complete a task
(2)Cost: Budget limit
(3)Time: Due date (schedule)

6)Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of project management

Advantages:
- The main purpose for initiating a project is to accomplish some goal
- Project management increases the
likelihood of accomplishing that goal
- Project management gives us someone
(the project manager) to spearhead the
project and to hold accountable for its
completion
Disadvantages:
- Greater organizational complexity
- Higher probability organizational policy
will be violated
- Says managers cannot accomplish the
desired outcome
- Conflict

7) How do projects, programs, tasks and work packages differ?

Tasks: A subset of a project, consisting of work packages.
Programs: Often not distinguished from a project, but frequently meant to encompass a group of similar projects oriented toward a specific goal.
Project: A temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique product or service
Work package: A sub element of a task at the lowest level in the Work Breakdown Structure, used to assign costs and values.

8)How woud you define a project?

"A Project is a temporary endeavor
undertaken to create a unique product or
service" (PMBOK Guide 5th edition)

9)What are some of the interdependencies related to a project?

Projects often interact with other projects being carried out simultaneously by their parent organization. Typically, these interactions take the form of competition for scarce resources between projects. While such interproject ineractions are common, projects always interact with the parent organization's standard, on-going operations. Functional departments of an organization (marketing, finance, manufacturing and the like) tend to be changeable. Marketing may be involved at te beginning and end of the project, but not in the middle. Manufacturing may have major involvement throughout. Finance is often involved at the beginning and accounting (the controller) at the end, as well as at periodic reporting times. The PM must keep all these interactions clear and maintain the appropriate interrelationships with all external groups.

What are some sources of conflict the project manager must deal with?

Project compete wih functional departments for resources and personnel. More serious, with the growing proliferation of projects, is the project-versus-project conflict for resources within multiproject organizations. The members of the project team are in almost constant conlict for the project's resources and for leadership roles in solving project problems. The project manager need to deal with conflict for resources within multiproject organization, with project teamconflict, with the leadership roles in solving project problems and reconcile the stakeholders and the parent organization' interests.

Differentiate between direct and ancillary project golas. Would learning a new skill through the project be a direct or ancillary goal? Entering new market?

Direct project goals are finding a perfect balance among Cost, Time and Scope. The ancillary projects goals are gainsnot directly connected to the successes of the project. So, learning new skills or entering a new market is ancillary goal.

Describe the characteristic of quasi-projects.

Quasi-projects are not previously planned projects. You know the deadline and general idea about the scope,schedule, and budget as precisely as possible.