Question

Telomeres are long stretches of non-coding DNA at the ends of linear (eukaryotic chromosomes. A beneficial effect of having telomeres is that they -7 speed up the rate of cell proliferation. B)prevent shortening of the leading strand of the DNA during replication prevent shortening of the lagging strand of the DNA during replication D. eliminate the need for RNA primers during DNA replication E. help to splice out introns

Answer 1

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• The ends of the eukaryotic chromosomes are called telomeres. They are repetitive sequences which do not code for any protein. They protect the ends from getting shortened during replication. The length of the telomeres is maintained by telomerase enzymes.
• The RNA primers involved in replication will be replaced with DNA by DNA polymerase. But the RNA primer at the 5' end of the newly synthesized strand cannot be replaced by DNA polymerase because of the absence of 5' end of the existing strand. So the newly synthesized strands will have incomplete 5' end and so the 3' overhangs.

" primen ak s/ Primars 3

• The telomerase enzyme binds to the 3' overhang and extends it by using its inbuilt RNA template. Once the 3' overhang is sufficiently extended, then the DNA polymerase and primase together can now extend the lagging strand.