Question

For each multiple-choice question choose one answer that best answers the question. You must also provide your rationale for choosing the answer you did.

Based on research on factors that increase informational social influence, which game contestant is most likely to yield to informational social influence provided by teammates or the audience?

Joan, playing in the grand prize round of a television game show, who answers a question, whose answer she is uncertain of

Jay, playing in the grand prize round of a television game show, who answers a question whose answer seems obvious to him

Marcus, playing a game for fun at home with his younger cousins, when he is unsure of the answer

Yuriko, playing a game at home for fun with her family, who answers a question whose answer she knows

Both A & C are equally likely to yield to informational social influence

A choice between two _______ would generate the most post-decisional dissonance.

classes to take

people to marry

computers to buy

apartments to rent for 1 year

Diane is out weeding her petunias when she sees a garden snake. She feels fear and jumps up and runs back to the house, all the while thinking, “I know that garden snakes are not dangerous.” In this example, which components of attitudes are INCONSISTENT with each other?

The affective component is inconsistent with the behavioral & cognitive components

The behavioral component is inconsistent with the affective & cognitive components

The cognitive components is inconsistent with the affective & behavioral components

All three components are inconsistent with each other

Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) meetings are "self-help" meetings comprised of people who are recovering from alcohol-related problems. These meetings employ a number of practices designed to keep people away from alcohol. Which of the practices listed below is most consistent with the research on cognitive dissonance theory and attitude change? That is, which of the following would a cognitive dissonance theorist believe would be most influential in changing a person’s attitude about drinking?

A.     All group members remain anonymous.

B.     All group members state, publicly, that they have an alcohol problem.

C.     Group members are encouraged to seek out a "sponsor," who will support them during rough times.

D.     Group members are welcomed back into the group even if they temporarily "fall off the wagon" (lapse into drinking).

Imagine that you have to convince an audience to agree with your opinion on health-care reform, but the specific arguments you have to support your position are weak. According to research on attitude change, what should you do to increase your chances of being persuasive?

Repeat the arguments so that the audience will remember them.

Come across as a genuinely likeable person.

Ensure that people are paying close attention to what you are saying.

Emphasize how health care reform is highly relevant to everyone in the audience. None of the above will be persuasive.

Suppose that Anandi was mugged at gunpoint and that it was an extremely traumatic experience. Which of the following cognitive reactions is MOST likely to help her recover?

A.     "I should have never gone into that neighborhood alone, especially not with my fancy car. It's clear why this happened. I made myself an obvious target."

B.     "The event was totally random. It could have happened to anyone, at any time, in any place."

C.     "Why was I attacked? Why me? Why now? What did I do to deserve this?"

D.     "The world is just an unpredictable, dangerous place. I just need to accept that and move on."

Suppose you run an advertising agency and have 3 different clients to create ads for: a company selling plastic utensils, a company selling top of the line very expensive high-tech computers, and a company selling prescription drugs to treat serious heart conditions. Based on the ELM model of attitude change, for which of these products would it help to use a well-liked celebrity spokesperson to endorse the product in an advertisement?

Plastic utensils

Very expensive top of the Line Computers

Heart drugs

A & C

B & C

Imagine that before a test, the professor told Jake, if he is caught cheating, he will be expelled permanently from school. Imagine the professor told Amanda, if caught cheating, she will only have to write a 1-page paper about why cheating is wrong. If both students don’t cheat, AND they both have the SAME initial attitude that is in favor of cheating, what would dissonance theory predict?

Amanda will feel more honest than Jake will.	Jake will feel more honest than Amanda will.
Amanda and Jake will each feel as honest as each other.
There is not enough information provided to adequately answer the question.

Which of the following are most inconsistent, or most in disagreement, in terms of their explanations of sexual behaviors?

A.     Evolutionary theory and social constructionist theories

B.     Evolutionary theory and social exchange theory

C.     Social exchange theory and social constructionist theories

D.     Evolutionary theory and the Coolidge effect

Imagine you are listening to a political candidate. Which of the following scenarios would result in you experiencing the most long-lasting attitude change in the direction of the candidate’s position?

The candidate’s arguments are low in quality, but there are a lot of them, and you don’t care much about the issue

The topic is not very important to you, and you are captivated by the candidate’s dazzling smile

The candidate’s arguments are strong and you care a lot about the issue, but you don’t regard the candidate as an expert in the area

You find the candidate unattractive, the candidate’s arguments are weak, and the topic is highly relevant to you

Suppose that Emma and Bill have been dating one another for several months. According to evolutionary theory, and assuming that Emma and Bill are like most women and men, are they likely to be more concerned about sexual fidelity (i.e., whether their partner is cheating) or emotional fidelity (i.e., whether their partner is attached to someone else)?

A.     Both are likely to care more about sexual fidelity.

B.     Both are likely to care more about emotional fidelity.

C.     Emma is likely to care more about Bill's sexual fidelity, but Bill is likely to care more about Emma's emotional fidelity.

D.     Emma is likely to care more about Bill's emotional fidelity, but Bill is likely to care more about Emma's sexual fidelity.

E.      Emma and Bill will both care equally as much about each other’s emotional and sexual fidelity.