What type of gradient is critical to ATP formation by oxidativephosphorylation?A.sodium ionB....
What type of gradient is critical to ATP formation by oxidative phosphorylation?
| A. | sodium ion | |
| B. | chloride ion | |
| C. | proton | |
| D. | potassium ion | |
| E. | None of the answers is correct. |
Which of the following citric acid cycle intermediates would become depleted if malonate, a competitive inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase, were present?
| A. | citrate | |
| B. | α-ketoglutarate | |
| C. | succinate | |
| D. | malate | |
| E. | None of the answers is correct. |
Which of the following correctly pairs a coenzyme with the enzyme of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex with which it is associated?
| A. | coenzyme A: pyruvate dehydrogenase | |
| B. | NAD+: dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase | |
| C. | lipoic acid: pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase | |
| D. | thiamine pyrophosphate: dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase | |
| E. | FAD: dihydrolipoyl transacetylase |
Which of the following enzymes is unique to the net synthesis of oxaloacetate from acetyl CoA?
| A. | citrate synthase | |
| B. | isocitrate lyase | |
| C. | fumarase | |
| D. | malate dehydrogenase | |
| E. | None of the answers is correct |
Which of the following intermediates is needed for the conversion of galactose into glucose by reacting with galactose 1-phosphate?
| A. | fructose 6-phosphate | |
| B. | glucose 1-phosphate | |
| C. | UDP-glucose | |
| D. | glucose 6-phosphate | |
| E. | UDP-galactose |
Homework Answers
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What type of gradient is critical to ATP formation by oxidativephosphorylation?A.sodium ionB....
Can someone quick answer/check these questions? Thank you, will rate! (the answers that I have came...
Can someone quick answer/check these questions? Thank you, will rate! (the answers that I have came up with are in bold) Please help 51- Glycogenesis involves the following steps a) isomerisation b) activation c) elongation or coupling d) branching e) all of the above 52 During the breakdown of glycogen, free glucose is formed from A. the reducing end. B. the non-reducing end. C. glucose residues in an a 1-->4 linkage to the chain. D. glucose residues in an...
15. Genetic defect in pyruvate dehydrogenase complex lead a. maple syrup urine disease b. phenyike d....
15. Genetic defect in pyruvate dehydrogenase complex lead a. maple syrup urine disease b. phenyike d. lactic acidemia e. pellagra syrup urine disease b, phenylketonuria c. galactosemia 10. Chemical modification by phosphorylation of pyruvate dehydros a. deactivates the enzyme b. activates the enzyme lation of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex : 17. Pyruvate carboxylase is positively ated through the allosteric mechanism by : a. ATP b. NADH c. Acetyl-SCOA d. TPP e. Biotin 18. Which of the listed coenzymes does not particip...
Please choose the BEST ANSWER. No cell phones, web or cameras, please. 1. Each of the...
Please choose the BEST ANSWER. No cell phones, web or cameras, please. 1. Each of the following enzymes functions in both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis except: A) 3-phosphoglycerate kinase B) aldolase C) enolase D) phosphofructokinase-1 E) phosphohexose isomerase During strenuous exercise, the NADH formed in the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase reaction in skeletal muscle must be reoxidized to NAD if glycolysis is to continue. The most important reaction involved in this reoxidation of NADH is: 2. A) dihydroxyacetone phosphate> glycerol 3-phosphate B)...
Acetyl COA + H2O Coo- o coo- Citrate synthase CH2 -OH -ooc— CH2 CH2 NADH +...
Acetyl COA + H2O Coo- o coo- Citrate synthase CH2 -OH -ooc— CH2 CH2 NADH + H+ COO- Oxaloacetate Coo- Citrate Aconitase Malate dehydrogenase NAD+ - Çoo- Çoo- ---OH -O00—-H HO-CH CH2 CH2 Coo- Malate Coo- Isocitrate Isocitrate lyase Malate synthase COO- COO- Coh CH2 Acetyl COA + H2O Ho Glyoxylate coo Succinate Figure 17.23 Biochemistry, Seventh Edition 2012 W. H. Freeman and Company Question 1 (10 pts) Using diagrams show the pathway that is used to convert succinate to...
9. Which of the listed enzymes of the TCA cycle is regulated by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation cycle ?...
9. Which of the listed enzymes of the TCA cycle is regulated by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation cycle ? : a. isocitrate dehydrogenase b. succinate dehydrogenase c. malate dehydrogenase d. a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex e. citrate synthase 10. Name the enzyme catalyzing the following reaction: COOH + GTP - PEP + CO2 + GDP C=0 CH2 COOH a. PEP carboxykinase b. pyruvate kinase d. pyruvate carboxylase c. malic enzyme 11. Name the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction: glyoxylate + CH3CO-SCOA -- → malate +...
Which enzymes require thiamine as a co-factor A. Isocitrate dehydrogenase and citrate synthase B. Malate dehydrogenase...
Which enzymes require thiamine as a co-factor A. Isocitrate dehydrogenase and citrate synthase B. Malate dehydrogenase and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase C. Pyruvate dehydrogenase and isocitrate dehydrogenase D. Pyruvate dehydrogenase and succinyl-CoA synthetase E. Succinate dehydrogenase and pyruvate dehydrogenase
1. The enzyme responsible for the substrate level phosphorylation in the citric acid cycle is: a...
1. The enzyme responsible for the substrate level phosphorylation in the citric acid cycle is: a succinate dehydrogenase b. a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase c. succinyl thiokinase d. isocitrate dehydrogenase e. aconitase 2. Which of the listed enzymes of the TCA cycle does not represent a regulatory enzyme?: a. isocitrate dehydrogenase b. succinate dehydrogenase c. malate dehydrogenase d. a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex e. citrate synthase 3. Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvic acid is regulated by: a. cyclic AMP-dependent mechanism b. cyclic AMP-independent mechanism 4. The...
Choose the ONE BEST answer explaining how oxaloacetate and acetyl-CoA levels are balanced to maximize flux...
Choose the ONE BEST answer explaining how oxaloacetate and acetyl-CoA levels are balanced to maximize flux through the citrate cycle when energy charge in the cell is lovw Oxaloacetate is required for mitochondrial shuttle systems, and therefore it makes sense to activate pyruvate carboxylase by ATP and inhibit it by malate. None of the answers are correct. The best way to balance the input of carbon into the citrate cycle is to regulate the production of citrate using vitamins like...
6. In question 5, what is the most important reaction involved in formation of lactate? A)...
6. In question 5, what is the most important reaction involved in formation of lactate? A) dihydroxyacetone phosphate glycerol 3-phosphate D) pyruvate → lactate B) oxaloacetate → malate E) isocitrate → a-ketoglutarate C) glucose 6-phosphate → fructose 6-phosphate 7. During the process in question 5 (the rapid rise in lactate concentration), the NADH must be reoxidized to NAD+. Which of the following enzymes will be most affected if NADH is not reoxidized? A) Pyruvate kinase. C) Phosphofructokinase-1. E) aldolase. B)...
12. Which enzyme catalyzes the reaction shown? Oo 9% a. succinyl-CoA synthetase b. succinate dehydrogenase c....
12. Which enzyme catalyzes the reaction shown? Oo 9% a. succinyl-CoA synthetase b. succinate dehydrogenase c. pyruvate dehydrogenase d、a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase 13. Which of the reactions of the citric acid cycle requires FAD as a coenzyme? a. the conversion of isocitrate to a-ketoglutarate b. the conversion of citrate to isocitrate c. the conversion of succinate to fumarate d. the conversion of malate to oxaloacetate 14. Another name for Complex I in the electron transport chain is a. cytochrome c oxidase. b....
15. Genetic defect in pyruvate dehydrogenase complex lead a. maple syrup urine disease b. phenyike d. lactic acidemia e. pellagra syrup urine disease b, phenylketonuria c. galactosemia 10. Chemical modification by phosphorylation of pyruvate dehydros a. deactivates the enzyme b. activates the enzyme lation of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex : 17. Pyruvate carboxylase is positively ated through the allosteric mechanism by : a. ATP b. NADH c. Acetyl-SCOA d. TPP e. Biotin 18. Which of the listed coenzymes does not particip...
Please choose the BEST ANSWER. No cell phones, web or cameras, please. 1. Each of the following enzymes functions in both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis except: A) 3-phosphoglycerate kinase B) aldolase C) enolase D) phosphofructokinase-1 E) phosphohexose isomerase During strenuous exercise, the NADH formed in the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase reaction in skeletal muscle must be reoxidized to NAD if glycolysis is to continue. The most important reaction involved in this reoxidation of NADH is: 2. A) dihydroxyacetone phosphate> glycerol 3-phosphate B)...
Acetyl COA + H2O Coo- o coo- Citrate synthase CH2 -OH -ooc— CH2 CH2 NADH + H+ COO- Oxaloacetate Coo- Citrate Aconitase Malate dehydrogenase NAD+ - Çoo- Çoo- ---OH -O00—-H HO-CH CH2 CH2 Coo- Malate Coo- Isocitrate Isocitrate lyase Malate synthase COO- COO- Coh CH2 Acetyl COA + H2O Ho Glyoxylate coo Succinate Figure 17.23 Biochemistry, Seventh Edition 2012 W. H. Freeman and Company Question 1 (10 pts) Using diagrams show the pathway that is used to convert succinate to...
9. Which of the listed enzymes of the TCA cycle is regulated by phosphorylation/dephosphorylation cycle ? : a. isocitrate dehydrogenase b. succinate dehydrogenase c. malate dehydrogenase d. a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex e. citrate synthase 10. Name the enzyme catalyzing the following reaction: COOH + GTP - PEP + CO2 + GDP C=0 CH2 COOH a. PEP carboxykinase b. pyruvate kinase d. pyruvate carboxylase c. malic enzyme 11. Name the enzyme that catalyzes the reaction: glyoxylate + CH3CO-SCOA -- → malate +...
1. The enzyme responsible for the substrate level phosphorylation in the citric acid cycle is: a succinate dehydrogenase b. a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase c. succinyl thiokinase d. isocitrate dehydrogenase e. aconitase 2. Which of the listed enzymes of the TCA cycle does not represent a regulatory enzyme?: a. isocitrate dehydrogenase b. succinate dehydrogenase c. malate dehydrogenase d. a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex e. citrate synthase 3. Oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvic acid is regulated by: a. cyclic AMP-dependent mechanism b. cyclic AMP-independent mechanism 4. The...
Choose the ONE BEST answer explaining how oxaloacetate and acetyl-CoA levels are balanced to maximize flux through the citrate cycle when energy charge in the cell is lovw Oxaloacetate is required for mitochondrial shuttle systems, and therefore it makes sense to activate pyruvate carboxylase by ATP and inhibit it by malate. None of the answers are correct. The best way to balance the input of carbon into the citrate cycle is to regulate the production of citrate using vitamins like...
6. In question 5, what is the most important reaction involved in formation of lactate? A) dihydroxyacetone phosphate glycerol 3-phosphate D) pyruvate → lactate B) oxaloacetate → malate E) isocitrate → a-ketoglutarate C) glucose 6-phosphate → fructose 6-phosphate 7. During the process in question 5 (the rapid rise in lactate concentration), the NADH must be reoxidized to NAD+. Which of the following enzymes will be most affected if NADH is not reoxidized? A) Pyruvate kinase. C) Phosphofructokinase-1. E) aldolase. B)...
12. Which enzyme catalyzes the reaction shown? Oo 9% a. succinyl-CoA synthetase b. succinate dehydrogenase c. pyruvate dehydrogenase d、a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase 13. Which of the reactions of the citric acid cycle requires FAD as a coenzyme? a. the conversion of isocitrate to a-ketoglutarate b. the conversion of citrate to isocitrate c. the conversion of succinate to fumarate d. the conversion of malate to oxaloacetate 14. Another name for Complex I in the electron transport chain is a. cytochrome c oxidase. b....
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