Question

9. If you had to pick a type of gene that regulates cell cycle and it becomes mutated thus no longer functions in cell cycle regulation as it was supposed. What gene or gene family would you pick and why did you make this selection? 10. Briefly explain how bacteria reproduce to make more of themselves. Do you think that their process of cell reproduction will produce a genetically identical cell or is this process designed to produce genetic variants of the original parent cell? Explain

Answer 1

QUESTION 9:

ANSWER:

A cell cycle checkpoint is required to carry out the progression of the cell cycle which ensures corrections at each level and if any unfavorable condition arrises it stops the progression of the cell cycle.

Cyclins are the group of regulatory proteins that forms complexes with cdk's they are kinases that phosphorylate proteins.

• Cdk’s and cyclins form complexes and cdk’s also phosphorylate target protein.
• Their activated complexes offer an important role in eukaryotes.
• There are 4 basic types of cyclins in eukaryotes G₁ cyclins, G₁/S cyclins, S cyclins, and M cyclins. Each are associated with their respective phases.

If they get mutated for example S cyclins, no proper DNA replication would occur.

The reason to choose cyclins and cdk’s group of regulatory proteins as it provides us with its great importance in almost every phase of cell cycle and also, amongst the most abundant regulatory protiens ranging from simple species to complex species.

QUESTION 10:

ANSWER:

Bacteria are unicellular prokaryotic organisms reproduce by asexual reproduction, in which single parent is involved and thus, no genetic recombinations are possible which makes genetically identical copies of itself.

Bacteria reproduce by binary fission. In binary fission, single-cell organisms divide into two daughter cells which form clones of parental type
For example, E.coli reproduces after every 20 minutes and makes its identical copies.