Question

6. (i) Prove the recursion Sn+1,k+1 = Li () Sn-i,k for the Stirling numbers of the second kind. [3] (ii) Deduce that Sn+1,6+1

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Answer #1

S(n+1,k+1) is the number of ways for partitioning a set with n+1 elements in k+1 disjoint, non-empty subsets. Assume that A1∪A2∪…∪Ak+1 is a partition of {1,…,n+1}. We may count such partitions according to the size of Ak+1 and its elements. If we assume that |Ak+1|=n−i there are nCn-i=nCi for choosing the elements of Ak+1 and S(i,k) ways for partitioning {1,…,n+1}∖Ak+1 in k pieces.

S(n+1,k+1) =Sum over i ( nCi S(i,k) ) (proved )

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