Question

1)
QUESTION Production of antibiotics has become something of an arms race, given the prevalence and proliferation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Antibiotics that are most likely to be effective against bacteria without causing side effects to their human (or animal) patient. Prevent translation Prevent transcription o Prevent synthesis of peptidoglycan Prevent actin erization ts Save Answer
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Answer 1

1. Most of the bacterial cellwall is made up of peptidoglycan. The animal/ human cells do not make or need peptidoglycan. Penicillin, one of the first antibiotics to be used widely, prevents the final cross-linking step, in synthesis of peptidoglcycan. This leads to very fragile cell wall that bursts, killing the bacterium. The penicillin does not inhibit any biochemical process that goes on in human cells and thus its dafe to use.

Hence, the correct answer is prevent sysnthesis of peptidoglycan.

2.

• All the livings organisms have doube strande DNA except the viruses, which are not considered living organism untill it infects a host.
• All the living organisms contain cell membrane also called plasma membrane. The important contituents of cell mebrane are; phospholipids, glycolipids, and sterols.
• All the organism transduce energy from an outside source. Example, if you stop eating you will die because there is no input of energy from outside your body to reverse the natural tendency of matter to disorder. (ethalpy means lack of order or predictability; gradual decline into disorder)

Hence, the correct answer is All of the above.

3. The evidence suggest that cells arose first approximately 3.8 billion years ago.

4. Protocells are an extremely pared down version of cell. However,they are capable of growth, replication and evolution. The caveat here is the protocell can only copy the genetic materia cannot create a new genetic material, likewise the energy trasduction require coordinated action of lots of enzymes and cofactors, which the protocells lack. Hence, the energy transduction process is very difficut to occur.

Hence, the corrcect answer is transduce enrgy.