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Question #1. Ambient temperature water (20 °C) is flowing through the horizontal piping system shown below (not drawn to scale). There is a leak occurring in the reducing bushing that connects the larger (4 internal diameter) wrought iron pipe to the smaller (2 internal diameter) wrought iron pipe. Upstream from the leak on the larger pipe, two pressure gauges that are 15 m apart show a pressure difference of (P,-) = 2,445 kPa. Downstream from the leak on the smaller pipe, two different pressure gauges that are 8 m apart show a pressure difference of (P3-P,) = 9.970 kPa. Turbulent flow may be assumed Reducing 15 In--(P) , Bushing 8 1 a) Write the simplified form of the Bernoulli equation that describes the flow that occurs between the two pressure gauges within each pipe b) Find the volumetric flow rate of water that is leaking out of the bushing. Show your work. c) Calculate the Reynolds Number for each pipe and confirm the assumption of turbulent flow.

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