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1. (10 marks the wol 1. (10 marks) The Wolff-Kishner reduction is a method to transform...
1. (10 marks the wol 1. (10 marks) The Wolff-Kishner reduction is a method to transform ketones into alkanes. An example is provided below. step 1 step 2 NH oh oh oh oon HẠN-NH, KOH/H20 A mechanism for the Wolff-Kishner reduction is proposed online at the following website: However, all steps and all electron-pushing arrows are not clearly illustrated in this mechanism. Propose a detailed mechanism with all electron-pushing arrows for both steps of the Wolff-Kishner reduction. Notice the first...
Notes: A ‘detailed’ mechanism should illustrate all intermediates, by-products, and electron-pushing arrows. The marking scheme is given for each question as a guide; It is subject to minor changes. In class, we learned how to synthesize epoxides from alkenes using meta-chloroperbenzoic acid (mCPBA). Epoxides, like bromonium ions and mercuronium ions, can be ring-opened with various nucleophiles. The stereochemistry of the product depends on if the ring-opening occurs under acidic or basic conditions. The following two reactions – ring opening of...
4. Predict the structure of all species or reagents in red. Clearly indicate stereochemistry when relevant.5. The Wolff-Kishner reduction is a method to transform ketones into alkanes. An example is provided below. However, all steps and all electron-pushing arrows are not clearly illustrated in this mechanism. Propose a detailed mechanism with all electron-pushing arrows for both steps of the Wolff-Kishner reduction. Notice the first step is carried out in the absence of acid or base – it may involve formation...
Epoxides, like bromonium ions and mercuronium ions, can be ring-opened with various nucleophiles. The stereochemistry of the product depends on if the ring-opening occurs under acidic or basic conditions. The following two reactions – ring opening of an epoxide with water – illustrate this effect. Explain why the outcome of the reaction changes under these two conditions and provide electron-pushing arrows to explain the mechanisms. PHOLD H30*/H20 PHOI OH | PhD NaOH,H,O HO D
Notes: A ‘detailed’ mechanism should illustrate all intermediates, by-products, and electron-pushing arrows. The marking scheme is given for each question as a guide; It is subject to minor changes. In class, we learned how to sulfonate aromatic rings by treating them with SO3 and H2SO4. This reaction is reversible. Propose a detailed mechanism for this reverse reaction. Note, catalysts are reactants that are regenerated at the end of a reaction sequence.
B) Three-membered ring system opening (For marks] B.1) Mercurinium ions. a) Review the Oxymercuration/reduction mechanism in section 3.5a), with water used as a nucleophile, to produce alcohols with Markovnikov orientation. (no mark] b) With the mechanism seen in class, (predict the product of the following transformation, in the presence of methanol as a solvent in the reaction [3 marks), and (ii) write the mechanism of the overall reaction (from beginning to end, [10 marks]). [4 marks] 1) Hg(OAc), in MeOH...
How to solve alkene and alkyne reactions - Merdanym i Act antalyzod Hrdian ca Come Lazarmistry I V WORKSHOP #9 Alkenes, Alkynes, Reactions 1. Give a reasonable mechanism for the following reaction. Clearly show intermediates and show the movement of electron pairs with curved arrows. all сна H20. (H2SO4) H₃C CH₂ нас он H3CX сна 2. The addition of HBr to 2-methylpropene can, in principle, give either 1-bromo-2- methylpropane or 2-bromo-2-methylpropane. In reality, only the latter is formed. Show mechanisms...
Pre-lab Questions 1. An epoxide contains a three-tom, cyclic ether as a functional group. The simple po thylene aide h property of you. This makes the carbonched to the yout mack. This is followed by a proto transfer stap Fin the missing products for the following diagram Gachong You should tama mencophesused as reagere. The stone is done by the c coded to you fore out the be o lor 2. Draw the detailed, arrow pushing mechanism for the epoxidation...