Question

26.a) A person has a genetic deficiency which resulted in them not having NK cells. The type of pathogen they would they be more susceptible to is: (Pick one of the following immune response scenarios, 2 points) a. Localized intracellular allergic response in the lung b. Localized extracellular fungal infection in the mouth c. Extracellular bacterial infection systemic in the spleen and blood stream d. Localized intracellular viral infection in the skin b) Describe in 3-4 sentences how NK cells sense and kill your selection above (3 points).

27. Provide an example and describe in one sentence how each of the following barriers play a role in the immune response against pathogens: a) Physical barriers: b) Anti-microbial barriers: c) Innateresponse: d) Adaptive response:

28.Provide an example for each group of PRRs listed below. Include a description in 1- 2 sentences of what the PRR recognizes, and how that recognition activates the innate immune response: a) Free receptors in the serum b) Membrane-bound phagocytic receptors c) Membrane-boundsignalingreceptors d) Cytosolic signaling receptors

29.Inflammation induces changes in the endothelial cells of the blood vessel inducing migration of immune cells from the blood vessels into the inflamed tissue. The process of migration is separated into four steps. a) Provide a 1-2 sentence description for each step (rolling adhesion, tight binding, diapedesis, and migration). b) What is the first innate cell type that migrates into the inflamed tissue? The second innate cell type? c) What effector functions do these cells have that would make it beneficial to have fast recruitment in response to inflammation? d) State 2 mechanisms that then allow resolution of this inflammation and tissue damage

Answer 1

26) a:

Answer is option d) Localized intracellular viral infection in the skin

Absence of NK cells leads to susceptibility to HPV disease of the skin and mucous membrane, caused by the human paillioma virus

26) b:

NK cells on encountering dangerous cells with expression of MHC molecules and are being surrounded by enough activating ligands, they sense and eliminate virus infected transformed cells via a target cell apoptosis pathway and antibody dependent cytotoxicity or via cytokines and chemokines secretion to activate other immune cells

PS: Only first question is answered according to the policy since the questions to be answered is not explicitely mentioned and there are more than one question.