Describe what happens in a postsynaptic cell when an excitatory neurotransmitter is released into the synapse by a presynaptic neuron. Describe what happens in a pos-synaptic cell when an inhibitory neurotransmitter is released into the synapse by a presynaptic neuron.
Answer: Neurotransmitters are important in neural communication. These are chemical messengers that carry messages between the nerve cells and other cells in the body. Excitatory neurotransmitters excite a signal called as action potential in the receiving neuron. A presynaptic neuron is a neuron that fires the neurotransmitter as a result of an action potential entering its axon terminal. A postsynaptic neuron is a neuron that receives the neurotransmitter after it has crossed the synapse (site where neuronal signals are transmitted from cell to cell) and may also experience an action potential if the neurotransmitter is strong enough. Excitatory neurotransmitters increase the probability that the cell with which it comes in contact will produce an action potential. Inhibitory neurotransmitter decreases the probability that the cell with which it comes in contact will produce an action potential, Type I synapse are excitatory in their actions, whereas type II synapses are inhibitory. The most common excitatory neurotransmitter, glutamate migrate via diffusion to the dendritic spine of the postsynaptic neuron and bind a transmembrane receptor protein that triggers the depolarization of that cell. In depolarization, the postsynaptic cell undergoes a shift in electric charge distribution resulting in less negative charge inside the cells. This is essential for the function of cells, cell to cell communication and body physiology.
In case of inhibitory synapse, the release neurotransmitter binds to the postsynaptic receptors that induces a change in the permeability of the postsynaptic neuron to particular ions. A negative postsynaptic potential is generated. The postsynaptic membrane potential becomes more negative than the resting membrane potential called as hyperpolarisation. For the generation of an action potential, the postsynaptic membrane must be depolarized.
Describe what happens in a postsynaptic cell when an excitatory neurotransmitter is released into the synapse...
Describe the steps involved in neurotransmitter release from a synapse and generation of postsynaptic excitatory postsynaptic current?
Describe the steps involved in neurotransmitter release from a synapse and generation of a postsynaptic excitatory postsynaptic current
Review your understanding of synapse characteristics by matching the terms on the left with the correct definitions on the right. Use each term once. Thank you!!! Saved Review your understanding of synapse characteristics by matching the terms on the left with the correct definitions on the right. Use each term once. Postsynaptic density Multiple presynaptic neurons synapse on a single postsynaptic neuron. Synaptic vesicles A location where gap junctions provide a low- resistance electrical connection between two cells. Inhibitory synapse...
Fifteen different presynaptic neurons synapse on a single postsynaptic neuron. The postsynaptic neuron has a RMP of -70 mV. At the trigger zone, 14 of the presynaptic neurons produce excitatory postsynaptic potentials of 2 mV each, and the other one produces an inhibitory postsynaptic potential of 9 mV. The threshold for the postsynaptic neuron is -50 mV. Will action potentials be produced in the postsynaptic neuron? Is this an example of temporal summation or spatial summation? Explain your answers.
What is a synapse? Is the presynaptic cell always a neuron? Is the postsynaptic cell always a neuron? If not, what other cell type could it be? Assuming both the pre- and post-synaptic cells are neurons, which one releases active neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft between them? 8. What are the three major functional classes of neurons that we discussed? Which is/ are found in the Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) and which is/are found in the Central Nerous System (CNS)?
1. What determines how much neurotransmitter is released into the synaptic cleft? A. The size of the end-plate potentials in the postsynaptic cell B. The rate of neurotransmitter degradation in the synaptic cleft C. Action potential frequency in the presynaptic neuron D. The diameter of synaptic vesicles in the presynaptic neuron 2. Which of the following ions is necessary for exocytosis of synaptic vesicles? A.Calcium ions B.Potassium ions C.Magnesium ions D.Sodium ions
Why are the receptors on the postsynaptic neuron more important than the neurotransmitter released at the synapse for the response of the postsynaptic neuron?
40. The effect of a neurotransmitter on a postsynaptic neuron is determined by the a. speed the action potential traveled down the axon b. number of branches of the presynaptic axon c. receptors on the postsynaptic membrane d. distance between the synapse and the cell body
4. Draw a synapse between 2 neurons. Label the following: Presynaptic neuron, Postsynaptic neuron, Synaptic vesicles, Voltage-regulated calcium channel, Chemical-regulated sodium channel. 5. Draw a diagram of the preganglionic neuron, postganglionic neuron, and effector for both Sympathetic Nervous System and Parasympathetic Nervous System. indicate which neurotransmitter is released by each neuron and label the receptors at all locations for the neurotransmitter. 6. Which cells have a resting membrane potential? Which cells can have an action potential? 7. Circle which of...
20) After a neurotransmitter is released, it must _____________ to the postsynaptic receptor to induce an excitatory postsynaptic potential or an inhibitory postsynaptic potential. All of the answers provided are correct Bind None of the answers provided are correct Be degraded by enzymes before binding 22) Which of the following is a method for terminating an action potential? Postsynaptic binding All of the answers provided are correct Reuptake Enzymatic degredation 23) Drugs of abuse exert their effects in the brain...