Question

Where is oxygen used?
Where’s CO2 released in cellular respiration? 6.Where is most of the ATP made?

7.What is the point/purpose of fermentation?

8.Why does bread have holes?

9.How is beer/wine made? What is the live organism that does this?

10.Do humans do fermentation? Why?

11.What limits us from doing cellular respiration?

Answer 1

Oxygen uses:-

Oxygen is an amazing substances that also has a variety of applications in our every day lives.

• Every living creature and plant requires oxygen to survive.
• The production of steel is reliant upon oxygen where it is used in a blast furnace to turn carbon into carbon dioxide, which reduces the iron oxides to pure iron.

• Oxygen is also used in torches for cutting and welding. Oxygen reacts with hydrogen in which it can heat to over 5,000 degrees. These torches can cut through or weld together most metallic substances.
• As a liquid, oxygen is used widely both medically and industrially, most commonly as an oxidizing agent for use in missiles and rockets where it reacts with liquid hydrogen to produce the thrust for take-off. Astronauts’ spacesuits have close to pure oxygen.

Chemical Synthesis:
• Hydrocarbons are broken apart by heating them with oxygen. This method is used to induce combustion in order to produce water and carbon dioxide. Also if the mixture is controlled it can break apart the hydrocarbons to produce acetylene, propylene and ethylene.
• Oxygen is also used at plants that treat sewage or purify water. Oxygen is pumped through water to increase the production of natural bacteria, which break down waste products.
• Oxygen as a gas is required to produce energy in industrial processes, generators and ships and it is also used in airplanes and cars.

Role of oxygen in cellular respiration:

Aerobic cellular respiration is the process by which cells use oxygen to help them convert glucose into energy. This type of respiration occurs in three steps: glycolysis; the Krebs cycle; and electron transport phosphorylation. Oxygen is not needed for glycolysis but is required for the rest of the chemical reactions to take place.
If oxygen is available, aerobic respiration begins as the pyruvate products of glycolysis enter the mitochondrion. Pyruvate, is first oxidized by NAD+ as it crossed the mitochondrial membrane, and then again by NAD+ and FADH in the citric acid cycle, where two ATP are produced. Pyruvate is completely broken down in the mitochondria to carbon dioxide (CO2) which is released to the atmosphere. In doing so, the electrons gained by the reduced electron carriers (NADH and FADH2) are added to the electron transport chain, and are passed through cytochrome complexes in a series of ever lower energy states to the final electron acceptor, oxygen (O2), which is reduced to water (H2O). The process stops without oxygen.

The free energy made available by the electron transport chain is used to move hydrogen ions (H+) across the inner mitochondrial membrane, creating a membrane potential that produces ATP as hydrogen ions (H+) return across the membrane through ATP synthase in chemiosmosis. This process is called oxidative phosphorylation, producing an additional 32–34 ATP per glucose.
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