Question

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Describe how human body utilizes carbohydrates for energy production?

Diabetes is a human disease related to a hormone called insulin, which promotes the absorption of glucose by the cells to produce energy. Describe two causes of diabetes in the context of glucose uptake by the cells. (

Answer 1

Carbohydrates are the main source of energy for the human body. The complex carbohydrates which we consume are broken down into simpler forms like glucose and then absorbed into our bloodstream. This glucose is then absorbed by the different cells of our body and processed to form a fuel molecule commonly known as ATP (adenosine triphosphate) by the process of cellular respiration. In this way , the complex carbohydrates are digested in our stomach through various fluids and enzymes in the form of glucose which is then released into blood and absorbed by the cells. The ATP molecules are generated in the cells through the process of cell respiration. This molecules are the energy currency of tthe cell which provides energy whenever our body requires.

Causes of diabetes in context to glucose uptake

1. When the immune system of our body attacks the beta cells of pancreas which produces the insulin. As a result the insulin level decreases and the glucose level builds up into the bloodstream and the blood sugar level rapidly increase which results into diabetes.

2. Medical studies also reveals that stress can cause diabetes in our body. It elevates the glucose level into our blood rapidly and causes the diabetes.