Question

7) Chromosome I from your mother and chromosome I from your father are said to be homologous. This is because the chromosomes: 

A) appear the same size in a karyotype. B) have different genes on them. C) have the same genes on them. D) determine the sex of the child. 

8) Why do karyotypes always show chromosomes at the point when cell division is about to occur? 

A) This is the only cell cycle point in which the chromosomes are unduplicated. B) The chromosomes are easier to see when they are elongated and uncondensed. C) This is the time at which the chromosomes are being duplicated. D) The chromosomes are fully condensed as cell division approaches. 

Answer: 9) A liver cell from a human male has: 

A) 22 pairs of autosomes, an X chromosome, and a Y chromosome. B) 22 pairs of autosomes and two X chromosomes. C) 46 pairs of autosomes, an X chromosome, and a Y chromosome. D) 23 pairs of autosomes and two X chromosomes. 

10) What is being separated during anaphase of mitosis? 

A) plasma membranes B) sister chromatids C) nuclear membranes D) cytoplasm 

11) Which cell structure physically moves the cell's chromosomes? 

A) the plasma membrane B) the cell wall C) the mitotic spindle D) the contractile ring 

Answer 1

Karyotype is a process done to know about the structure and any disease or geneticaabnormalities in the the chromosome. In this process pictures of chromosome is taken to visualise the structure. This is only possible when a clear picture for each of the chromosome has. Human beings have 46 chromosomes or 23 pairs of chromosomes. Male and female both have identcal 22 pairs of chromosomes called autosomes, and 23rd​​​​​ pair of chromosomes vary in both and known as sex chromosomes. Male has X and Y while female has identical X and Xchromosomes.

Point to note that both male and female have identical chromosomes except the sex chromosomes. These chromosomes are identified as identical when they are condensesed and coiled. These identical chromosomes are called as homologous chromosomes.

So, answer of 7. A

Answer of 8. D

Answer of 9 A

Answer of 10. B

Answer of 11. C

Remember chromosomes are thread like uncoiled structures. Chromosomes become visible during the cell division. Chromosomes duplicate in S phase of cell cycle and the duplicated structure is called as sister chromatid, visible after Condensation. These chromosomes are aligned at metaphase plate and the sister chromatids start its separation when mitotic spindle pulls after attachment with sister cromatids.

Also to know, any cell taken from human male has identical karyograph or chromosomal structures except the gamete which is haploid. So, in human male liver also has 22 pairs autosomes, single X and Y chromosome.