Question

1)Which statement about enzymes is TRUE?

a)Enzymes are the reactants in a chemical reaction

b)Enzymes catalyze specific reactions

c)Enzymes' functions require inhibitors

d)Enzymes are the products in a chemical reaction

2)Active transport ________.

a)is a type of facilitated diffusion

b)moves solutes with their concentration gradient

c)can involve the transport of ions

d)does not use ATP as an energy source

3)What is the chromosome composition of a normal human female?

a)44 autosomes, 1 X chromosome, and 1 Y chromosome

b)46 autosomes, 1 X chromosome, and 1 Y chromosome

c)22 autosomes and 2 Y chromosomes

d)44 autosomes and 2 X chromosomes

4)The only stage of cell respiration that is not dependent on the other stages of cell respiration is ________.

a)lactic acid fermentation

b)glycolysis

c)the electron transport chain

d)the citric acid cycle

5)Sunflowers are both ________.

a)heterotrophs and producers

b)autotrophs and producers

c)producers and decomposers

d)heterotrophs and consumers

6)A karyotype (a display of the chromosomes in a cell) is often used to look for genetic disorders. Karyotype results would NOT be useful to determine ________.

a)Down syndrome

b)sex

c)Turner syndrome

d)eye color

7)During Prophase I, ________.

a)sister chromatids migrate to opposite poles

b)crossing over occurs

c)homologous chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell

d)the nuclear envelope breaks up

8)Which molecule is produced during the light reactions of photosynthesis?

a)C6H12O6

b)ADP

c)CO2

d)O2

9)Plant cells ________.

a)use carbon dioxide but do not use oxygen

b)do not need mitochondria because their chloroplasts meet their energy needs

c)have chloroplasts and mitochondria

d)do not need chloroplasts because their mitochondria meet their energy needs

10)Eukaryotic cells have their chromosomes packaged in the

a)a measure of calories

b)a measure of calories

c)the capacity to cause movement

d)a measure of disorder

11)Which environments would be best for the functioning of animal and plant cells?

a)A hypotonic environment for plant cells and an isotonic environment for animal cells

b)An isotonic environment for both plant and animal cells.

c)A hypotonic environment for animal cells and an isotonic environment for plant cells

12)How many chromosomes does an individual with Klinefelter Syndrome have?

a)45

b)24

c)46

d)47

Answer 1

1) b is the correct answer- Enzymes are the biomolecules that catalyze specific reactions thereby accelerating the chemical reactions.

a) Enzymes catalyze the chemical reactions when reactants called substrates bind to the active site of an enzyme.

c) An inhibitor is a molecule that decreases the catalytic activity of an enzyme by binding to its active site which prevents the substrate to bind to the active site and slows down/inhibits the chemical reaction to occur.

d) Enzymes bind to substrates forming an Enzyme substrate complex and the substrate gets transformed into one or more products and is released from the active site.

2) c is the correct answer- Active transport helps in the movement of ions in and out of the cell with the help of ATP.

a) Active transport requires energy in the form of ATP whereas Passive transport is a type of facilitated diffusion that doesn't require any energy.

b) In active transport, the movement of molecules takes place against the concentration gradient.

d) Active transport requires energy in the form of ATP because the movement of molecules takes place against the concentration gradient i.e. from a region of lower concentration to a region of higher concentration.

3) d is the correct answer. The total number of chromosomes in humans is 46 out of which 44 are autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes. Females have only X chromosomes, therefore, females have 44 autosomes and 2 X chromosomes.

a) 44 autosomes, 1 X chromosome, and 1 Y chromosome represent chromosome composition in males because males have both X and Y chromosomes.

b)The total number of chromosomes in humans is 46 out of which 44 are autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes.

c) Normal human being has 23 pair of chromosomes which comes out to be a total of 46. Out of 23 pairs of chromosomes, 22 pairs are autosomes (44 total) which are the same in both males and females. However, the difference lies in the 23rd pair which represents the sex chromosomes which are XX in females and XY in males.

4) a) is the correct answer. Lactic acid fermentation is a type of anaerobic respiration taking place in the absence of oxygen in which pyruvate is converted to lactic acid and in the process, NADH molecule gets oxidized to form NAD+ which leads to ATP generation in a low oxygen environment through glycolysis.

b) Glycolysis is the first stage in cellular respiration in which glucose is converted to pyruvate and energy is released in the form of ATP. At the end of glycolysis, there is a gain of two ATP molecules.

c) The electron transport chain is the third stage in cellular respiration in which energy from NADH and FADH2 is used to make ATP molecules.

d) Krebs cycle or citric acid cycle is the second stage in cellular respiration in which pyruvate undergoes a series of reactions to produce 4 ATP molecules (2 from glycolysis), 10 NADH (with 2 from glycolysis) and 2 FADH2 molecules.