Question

1. What should be the eventual frequencies of the two alleles R and W, given your fitness estimates? Do you get the same result when you do the computer simulation? For a large population, plot q (frequency of the disfavored allele) against time for theHomozygous Near-Lethal (near-lethal recessive), Homozygote and Heterozygote Disadvantage. Repeat this graph for the Heterozygote Superiority case. Thoroughly discuss and explain the differences indicated by your graphs.Describe and explain how the results from the previous simulations change with the addition of inbreeding (You can pick one case only!).

Answer 1

Homozygous allele disadvantage:

• Most of the population will be either lethal or near lethal.
• eg:- coat colour of mice. abino's havng recessive allele is lethal.
• there is only decreased number of population over time.
• Wont produce a hybrid vigor

Heterozygous allele disadvantage:

• Stability rate is intermediate.
• In case of livestock, it leads to decreased number of purelines.
• They wont have much resistance (for eg in case of heat tolearance )as that of purelines.
• an example:- Vechur cow of India have much a heat tolearance that jersey and Hf cross breeds.
  Homozygous Near-lethal allele E < Very low percent surviving Procanbay throudle d) houonbely apollo 900 400 600 800 1000 generation > 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 allele frequency-> De P-AA (q)-aa Heterozygous cuperiority allele Intermediate fittness allele frequency (P) → muonbey adhoundle 012 014 06 08 1 200 400 600 900 1000 generation >
  

INBREEDING

Inbreeding means  breeding among closely realated group of animals.

• In this more recessive traits will get expressed.
• can lead to inbreeding depression condition (decreased biological fittness condition).
• It can also help in cleansing the deleterious alleles by purifying selection.
• It is also a technique used in selective breeding.
• Inbred lines can be used as a stock for producing hybrid lines.