Question

Name: PRELAB QUESTIONS 1. Define the following terms: Gene- Allele - Phenotype- Genotype- Homozygous dominant - Homozygous recessive- Heterozygous- 2. Put into your own words Mendel's law of segregation. LI Does the law of segregation always apply when dealing with genes located on chromosomes within a diploid nucleus? If not, explain why. 3. Mendel worked with several pea plant characters, each of which was determined by a single gene with two alleles, one dominant and the other recessive. For each of the following pea plant characters, circle the dominant trait. (Refer to Table 10.1 of your text] Flower color: White Purple Stem length: Tall Dwarf Seed shape: Spherical (round) Wrinkled Seed color: Green Yellow 4. Determine the possible genotypes of the gametes each of the following individuals can form by meiosis. The first one is done for you as an example. Dd D and d pp AA → Tt → bb → RR →

Answer 1

1.
the gene-Basic fundamental unit of heredity.
Allele- Variant form a gene
Genotype- The genetic makeup of a cell.
Homozygous dominant- An organism carrying two copies of the same dominant allele.
Homozygous recessive- An organism carrying two copies of the same recessive allele.
Heterozygous- An organism carrying two different alleles of a gene.

2.
Mendel's law of segregation- the alleles of a gene gets segregated during the process
of gamete formation.

Yes. The law of segregation applies to genes located on chromosomes within a diploid nucleus.

3.
Purple is dominant over white
Tall is dominant over dwarf
spherical is dominant over wrinkled
Green is dominant over yellow

4.
D and d
A
b
p
T and t
R

5.
Monohybrid cross is a cross between two individuals in which one heritable trait is studied

6
Phenotypic ratio = 3:1
Genotypic ratio= 1:2:1

р Тр PP Pp Pp pp