Question

, Pre-Lab Assignment P generation 1. Figure 9.8 illustrates one of Gregor Mendel's Dwarf breeding experiments with his pea plants. ai Genetic makeup: In this particular experiment with pea plant height, the P generation consisted of pure- breeding tall pea plants mated with pure- breeding dwarf pea plants. Gametes: 0 plants nated wito Fill in the blanks of the following paragraph ,geneation concerning this experiment. Gregor Mendel discovered several new ideas about inheritance when he performed breed- Genetic makeup: ing experiments with pea plants during the 1850s and 1860s. In one experiment, plants Tall that were pure-breeding for the trait of being tall were crossed with plants that were pure- breeding for the trait of being dwarf; since F, sperm cells those plants were "pure-breeding," they had genotypes. The gam- etes of the tall plants carried a tall "factor," or for the tall trait. The ,generation gametes of the dwarfplants carriedadwarf "fac- tor, or , for the dwarf trait. All the F, plants were tall, indicating that over the dwarf factor. All the F, plants had a the F2 generation, Mendel crossed plants of the tall factor was genotype. To get Figure 9.8.One of Mendel's breeding experiments the The Dwarf plants had a same with each other. trait-dwarf height-returned in the F, generation. genotype because they had two of the BIO Some more questions about the experiment shown in Figure 9.8 What is the scientific term for the genetic makeup of an organism? 2. What fraction of the F, offspring had a heterozygous genotype? What fraction had a homozygous dominant genotype? What would be the height of pea plants of the F, offspring if they had a homozygous recessive genotype? 3. Figure 9.9 shows a pair of chromosomes from pea plants. The gene that deter- mines plant height is highlighted. One of the chromosomes has the dominant allele, while the other has the recessive allele. How can you tell that this is a homolo- gous pair of chromosomes? Figure 9.9. A pair of pea plant Is the genotype of this plant homozygous or heterozygous? Explain your answer. What would the phenotype of this plant be? Explain your answer. In what cellular process would these alleles be separated? In what process would two pea plant height lls be brought cell?

Answer 1

ANSWER 1

1) PURE BREEDING PLANT HAS Homozygous (TT),(RR),(tt) genotype

2 (TT) and (tt) are the gametes of tall and dwarf plant respectively

3 all tall is DOMINANT over dwarf

4 all the F1 generation has Tt genotype

5 Mendel crossed F1 generation plant with each other and recessive trait (tt) genotype because they have two of the same recessive genotype

  

ANSWER NO.2

1 genetic makeup of an organism is known as its genotype. The genotype refers to the set of traits found within the cells of living organisms

2 2/4 fraction of F2 generation has heterozygous trait 50%

   F2 cross

cross	T	t
T	TT	Tt
t	Tt	tt

TT homozygous tall

Tt heterozygous tall

tt homozygous recessive

3 homozygous dominant are 1/4 mean 25%

4 the height of pea plant is small if they have homozygous recessive which are 25% of total population

ANSWER NO3

The given pair of chromosome is homologous because they having same gamete one chromosome have TT while other has tt mean the single chromosome has same type of gametes

crossing between these given gametes TT and tt will give phenotype all tall pea plant

crossing	T	T
t	Tt	Tt
t	Tt	Tt

all the plant posses genotype Tt means they are heterozygous dominant

3 two alleles of same chromosome can be separated by mendel's law of alleles separation

4 crossing over of gametes is best process so the two pea plant height alleles will back

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