Question

MATCHING - each answer may be used once, more than once, or not at all Questions 39-34: 39. the voice box 40. the windpipe A. Bronchi 41. exchange of O2/CO2 occurs here B. Larynx 42. the throat region C. Alveoli 43. the trachea splits to form these D. Trachea 44. functional unit of the lung E. Pharynx 45. reinforced with C shaped cartilage

Answer 1

39 -- the voice box = it is also known as larynx. It is a part of Respiratory passage or tract and is tube shaped. It is the sound producing organ. It consists of vocal cords which vibrates due to passing of air and produce sound. It lies between the pharynx and trachea. It is used for talking, breathing, swallowing of food.

40 --- the windpipe = it is commonly known as trachea. It begins from the end of larynx and ends when it divides into 2 branches called bronchi ( singular-- bronchus). It is also a part of Respiratory passage.it is composed of 20 cartilaginous rings which are C-shaped. This prevents the collapse of trachea or windpipe. It is made of muscle and connective tissue. The inner side of trachea or windpipe is lined with mucosa.

41 --- the exchange of O2 / CO2 occurs here = Alveoli. It is the main respiratory unit of respiratory system as the exchange of gases O2/CO2 occurs here. These are balloon shaped Structure and are well vascularised as the exchange of gases has to occur with the RBCs in blood. These are the terminals of the passage which is running from our nostrils to lungs.

42 --- the throat region --- it is also called pharynx (throat). It is the junction where larynx, oesophagus and trachea or voice box, foodpipe and windpipe respectively. It is also known as hypopharynx. it is the passage for food and air.

43--- the trachea splits to form these --- Bronchi. These are tube like Structure which are half (approx) of the trachea or windpipe. These are also lined by the cartilage until reach into lungs. These are further divided into primary, secondary and tertiary Bronchi inside lungs. The tertiary Bronchi are very narrow tubes which terminates into a balloon like Structure called alveoli. Bronchi is plural word; singular is bronchus.

44--- functional unit of the lung = Alveoli. Singular is alveolus. These are present inside lungs. Are called functional unit as the exchange of gases O2 / CO2 occurs here. These are well supplied with the blood vessels. And exchange of gases occurs by diffusion and is due to difference in partial pressure of O2 in atmosphere and inside body. As concentration of CO2 increase inside body we exhale the air as we stop air after taking a long breath and hold it for some time.

45 --- reinforced with C shaped cartilage --- it is Trachea or commonly known as windpipe. It is supported by C-shaped cartilaginous bones to prevent the collapse of trachea and exchange of gases occurs smoothly.

So, answers are :

39 ---- B ; Larynx

40 ---- D ; Trachea

41 ---- C ; Alveoli

42 ---- E ; Pharynx

43 ---- A ; Bronchi

.44 ---- C ; Alveoli

45 ---- D ; Trachea

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