Homework Answers
In this unregulated gene expression sources include synthesis of mRNA from template strand and sink includes decay of mRNA and protein with termination factors δm and δp.
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What do source and sink mean in unregulated gene expression?
OM op promoter (A) mRNA (M)...
Two-step model of constitutive unregulated gene expression. a) Write down the corresponding system of coupled ordinary...
Two-step model of constitutive unregulated gene expression.
a) Write down the corresponding system of coupled ordinary
differential equations (ODEs) based on mass action kinetics.
Identify and explain which biological/biochemical process the
“source” and “sink” terms in each equation describe.
b) State the parameters for steady-state mRNA and protein
levels.
OM promoter (A) mRNA (M) protein (P) Figure 1. Two-step model of constitutive (unregulated) gene expression. Here the promoter (A) is a constant and represents a gene.
What control elements regulate expression of the mPGES-1 gene? The promoter of a gene includes the...
What control elements regulate expression of the mPGES-1 gene? The promoter of a gene includes the DNA immediately upstream of the transcription start site, but expression of the gene can also be affected by control elements. These can be thousands of base pairs upstream of the promoter, grouped in an enhancer. Because the distance and spacing of these control elements make them difficult to identify, scientists begin by deleting sections of DNA that contain possible control elements and measuring the...
What gene regulation mechanism do eukaryotes share with prokaryotes? OA) Varying the promoter sequence to vary...
What gene regulation mechanism do eukaryotes share with prokaryotes? OA) Varying the promoter sequence to vary the binding affinity of general transcription factors. OB) Regulating the expression from a single gene with several specific transcription factors. C) Controlling gene expression by restricting access to the promoter. D) Driving the expression of several genes with one promoter. OE) Controlling the expression from a single gene with several general transcription factors.
Which of the following is the most appropriate indication of gene expression level? A ONA 6....
Which of the following is the most appropriate indication of gene expression level? A ONA 6. Protein CRNA DmRNA QUESTION 14 In reality, what is being directly quantified in real-time rt-PCR to estimate the gene expression level? OM Protein levels by amplifying with ribosomes using fluorescently tagged amino acids B. DNA which is amplified with gene-specific primers and measured for fluorescence Reverse transcriptase levels which indicates rate of mRNA transcription O mRNA which is amplified with gene-specific primers and measured...
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS 1) What is the relationship between a gene and a protein? 2)...
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS 1) What is the relationship between a gene and a protein? 2) How does the tRNA contribute to protein synthesis? 3) The ability of cell to control their gene expression is called 4) What is a promoter? 5) What process convert the message from mRNA into amino acids? 6) The following expressions are true or false? Explain a. "A gene is any DNA sequence that is transcribed to any type of RNA b. "In eukaryotes, a...
What would happen to the expression of this gene if this cell did not have any...
What would happen to the expression of this gene if this cell
did not have any GAL4 protein and why?
What would happen to the expression of this gene if this cell
did not have any GAL80 protein and why?
What would happen to the expression of this gene if this cell
did not have any GAL3 protein and why?
Understanding regulation of transcription in eukaryotes. The images below depict how the expression of a gene required to break down...
3. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene expression compared. Below is an incomplete table of prokaryotic and eukaryotic...
3. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene expression compared. Below is an incomplete table of prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene expression in comparison. Fill in the blank using PPT slides, notes and the textbook. Prokaryotic gene expression Eukaryotic gene expression Overview Steps Transcription and translation Yes Transcription and translation coupled? Gene structure No introns Epigenetic modification (chromosome remodeling) transcription, translation, RNA processing, protein processing Transcription in the nucleus and translation in the cytoplasm Interrupted gene with exons and introns RNAPI, II, III Which...
In another mutant cell line, you find that gene expression of mature, properly spliced Tbx5 mRNA...
In another mutant cell line, you find that gene expression of mature, properly spliced Tbx5 mRNA are greatly reduced. What kind of mutation is most likely accounts for this phenotype? 1. a short deletion that preserves the open reading frame 2. a short deletion that disrupts the open reading frame 3. a mutation in the promoter region of Tbx5 A. 1. B. 1 and 2 C. 1 and 3 D. 2 and 3
What is the relationship between protein translation and gene expression? Would you expect to always see...
What is the relationship between protein translation and gene expression? Would you expect to always see correlation between these two? Discuss a circumstance within the context of cancer where mRNA and protein expression may not correlate. Why is it important to look at both protein and RNA levels of a series of genes/proteins in a molecular pathway? Discuss this in the context of cancer associated pathways. Give a specific example of a pathway that is independent of gene expression in...
Choose two (2) of the mechanisms of gene expression regulation in eukaryotic cells denoted by rows...
Choose two (2) of the mechanisms of gene expression regulation in eukaryotic cells denoted by rows shown (7 possible in the Figure below. I will only grade your first to for completeness and will NOT grade any more that you write. If you do an EXTRAODINARY job on your answers, you may ear bonus points For each of your choices answer the following 4 questions using COMPLETE sentences 1. What are the base structural differences between molecules (pink, blue or...
Two-step model of constitutive unregulated gene expression.
a) Write down the corresponding system of coupled ordinary
differential equations (ODEs) based on mass action kinetics.
Identify and explain which biological/biochemical process the
“source” and “sink” terms in each equation describe.
b) State the parameters for steady-state mRNA and protein
levels.
OM promoter (A) mRNA (M) protein (P) Figure 1. Two-step model of constitutive (unregulated) gene expression. Here the promoter (A) is a constant and represents a gene.
What gene regulation mechanism do eukaryotes share with prokaryotes? OA) Varying the promoter sequence to vary the binding affinity of general transcription factors. OB) Regulating the expression from a single gene with several specific transcription factors. C) Controlling gene expression by restricting access to the promoter. D) Driving the expression of several genes with one promoter. OE) Controlling the expression from a single gene with several general transcription factors.
Which of the following is the most appropriate indication of gene expression level? A ONA 6. Protein CRNA DmRNA QUESTION 14 In reality, what is being directly quantified in real-time rt-PCR to estimate the gene expression level? OM Protein levels by amplifying with ribosomes using fluorescently tagged amino acids B. DNA which is amplified with gene-specific primers and measured for fluorescence Reverse transcriptase levels which indicates rate of mRNA transcription O mRNA which is amplified with gene-specific primers and measured...
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS 1) What is the relationship between a gene and a protein? 2) How does the tRNA contribute to protein synthesis? 3) The ability of cell to control their gene expression is called 4) What is a promoter? 5) What process convert the message from mRNA into amino acids? 6) The following expressions are true or false? Explain a. "A gene is any DNA sequence that is transcribed to any type of RNA b. "In eukaryotes, a...
What would happen to the expression of this gene if this cell
did not have any GAL4 protein and why?
What would happen to the expression of this gene if this cell
did not have any GAL80 protein and why?
What would happen to the expression of this gene if this cell
did not have any GAL3 protein and why?
Understanding regulation of transcription in eukaryotes. The images below depict how the expression of a gene required to break down...
3. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene expression compared. Below is an incomplete table of prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene expression in comparison. Fill in the blank using PPT slides, notes and the textbook. Prokaryotic gene expression Eukaryotic gene expression Overview Steps Transcription and translation Yes Transcription and translation coupled? Gene structure No introns Epigenetic modification (chromosome remodeling) transcription, translation, RNA processing, protein processing Transcription in the nucleus and translation in the cytoplasm Interrupted gene with exons and introns RNAPI, II, III Which...
Choose two (2) of the mechanisms of gene expression regulation in eukaryotic cells denoted by rows shown (7 possible in the Figure below. I will only grade your first to for completeness and will NOT grade any more that you write. If you do an EXTRAODINARY job on your answers, you may ear bonus points For each of your choices answer the following 4 questions using COMPLETE sentences 1. What are the base structural differences between molecules (pink, blue or...
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