Question

Compare the mechanisms of action of curare and strychnine.

Answer 1

Answer :

Action of Curare : Curare belongs to the alkaloid family of organic compound.Curare is of botanical origin and its sources include various tropical american plants.The principle alkaloid responsible for the pharmacological action of curare preparation is turbocurarine. In present day medication, curare is named as neuromuscular blocking specialist which produces flabbiness in skeletal muscles by contending with the synapse acetylcholine at the neuromuscular intersection .neuromuscular intersection is the site of synthetic correspondence between a nerve fiber and a muscle cell. Acetylcholine usually acts to stimulate muscle contraction; hence, opposition on the neuromuscular junction by means of curare prevents nerve impulses from activating skeletal muscular tissues. The primary outcome of that competitive pastime is profound rest (comparable only to that produced by using spinal anesthesia). Relaxation starts within the muscle groups of the toes, ears, and eyes and progresses to the muscular tissues of the neck and limbs and, subsequently, to the muscle groups concerned in respiration. In deadly doses, dying is as a result of respiratory paralysis.

Action of Strychnine : It is a terpene indole alkaloid which belongs to the Strychnos family of Corynanthe alkaloids.Strychnine is derived from tryptamine and secologanin.Strychnine is a neurotoxin which acts as an antagonist of glycine and acetylcholine receptors. It in most cases influences the motor nerve fibers in the spinal fibres which manipulate muscle contraction. An impulse is induced at one end of a nerve mobile via the binding of neurotransmitters to the receptors. In the presence of an inhibitory neurotransmitter, consisting of glycine, a extra quantity of excitatory neurotransmitters must bind to receptors earlier than there can be an movement capacity generated. Glycine acts by and large as an agonist of the glycine receptor, that's a ligand-gated chloride channel in neurons located inside the spinal cord and within the mind. This chloride channel will permit the negatively charged chloride ions into the neuron, causing a hyperpolarization which pushes the membrane ability similarly from threshold. Strychnine is an antagonist of glycine; it binds noncovalently to the same receptor, stopping the inhibitory consequences of glycine on the postsynaptic neuron. Therefore, movement potentials are triggered with decrease tiers of excitatory neurotransmitters. When the inhibitory alerts are avoided, the motor neurons are more easily activated and the sufferer may have paralyzed muscle contractions which results in dying with the aid of asphyxiation. Strychnine binds the Aplysia californica acetylcholine binding protein (a homolog of nicotinic receptors) with high affinity but low specificity.

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