Question

Instruction: Read the following questions carefully and circle the most correct answer 1. Which of the following would you not consider to be an invertebrate? A. Hydra B. Ascaris © Kitti's hog-nosed bat D. Amoeba 2. True or False; organelles are only present in living things A True B. False C. I can find examples of nonliving things having organelles D. This is a trick question 3. True or False: the cell is NOT the smallest unit of life? A. True B. False 4. Which of the following is at the apex of pyramid of life? A. Atom B. Organism C. Population D. Biosphere 5. Which of the following is NOT a component of cell theory? A. Cells must pass on their hereditary trait to their offspring B. Cells evolve from cells before it C. Cells must adapt least they become extinct D. Cells must have a nucleus least they are not cells 6. True or False; a cell without a cytoplasm is a cell that replicates the most? A. True statement, coronavirus is a good example of this B. False statement, coronavirus is not an example of a replicative organism C. I am utterly lost; I don't know the answer to this simple question D. I need to consult google here 7. The sole purpose of the plasma membrane is what? A. Keep cells from being infected with viruses B! Regulate movement of substances in and out of the cell C. Allows cells to dispose of waste materials D. Enable cells to replicate effectively

Answer 1

Question 1- The basic difference between vertebrates and invertebrates is that the invertebrates do not have a backbone and spinal column, they are multicellular but lack cell wall, around 98% population of the animal kingdom fall into this category. Eg insects, flatworms, amoeba, etc. Whereas the vertebrates have a well-developed backbone, spinal cord, and fully functioning nervous system they even have a protective layer of skin on their body. Only 2 % population of the animal kingdom falls into this category. Eg mammals.

option A- Hydra - They are Invertebrate. They belong to class hydrozoa and are found in freshwater. The mode of asexual reproduction in hydra is budding. They are usually microscopic in size.

Option B - Ascaris - They are Invertebrate and they are usually parasitic worm.

Option C- Kitti's hog-nosed bat - They are vertebrate, They belong to the smallest species of bats and are regarded as the smallest mammal in the world.

Option D -Amoeba -They are invertebrates and unicellular organisms. They have the ability to change their shape and size by the movement of their pseudopodia.

Option C is the correct option as Kitti's hog-nosed bat is a vertebrate.

Question 2-

Option A- TRUE- Cells are the basic structural and functional unit of life. Organelles are microscopic subunits that perform a specific type of function inside the cell. Organelles are only found in the eukaryotic cell. Depending on the presence and absence of the membrane organelles are of 3 different types.

• Membrane-free organelle- eg. Ribosome
• Single membrane-bound organelle -eg. the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus
• Double membrane-bound organelle - eg. Mitochondria, Chloroplast

Question 3-

Option B- FALSE - Cell is the smallest unit of life and is often regarded as the basic building block from which all the different tissues and organisms are made. Every organism is made of cell and cell is the lowest level of the living organism.

Question 4- Pyramid of life:-The smaller size biological matter combine to form a larger size organism. With the increase in level in the hierarchy, the level of complexity also increases.

1. Atoms:- basic unit of matter - Smallest level
2. molecules
3. organelle
4. cell
5. tissue
6. organ
7. organ system
8. organism
9. population
10. community
11. ecosystem
12. Biome
13. Biosphere:- the Highest level of classification

Option D - Biosphere is at the apex of the pyramid of life as it is the highest level of the classification and comprises the sum of all the ecosystem present on earth

Question 5- Cell theory was given by botanist Matthias Schleiden and zoologist Theodor Schwann.

• The cell is the structural and functional unit of life
• All organisms are made up of one or more cells and the products of a cell.
• All new cells arise from pre-existing cells by the process of cell division.

later Rudolf Virchow made a contribution to the cell theory by stating that "Omnis cellula e cellula".

Option A- TRUE- cells contain the genetic material and the genetic information is passed down to the offspring by cell division.

Option B-TRUE- Rudolf Virchow stated that " Omnis cellula e cellula" which means that all new cells arise from the pre-existing cells by the process of cell division.

Option C-TRUE- anabolic and catabolic reactions take place inside the cell.

Option D-FALSE- the nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells. It is responsible for gene expression by controlling the molecular traffick across the nuclear envelope. Not all cells contain a nucleus

So option D is not a component of cell theory.

Question 6 - Option B:- FALSE- corona is a virus it lacks cytoplasm.

Question 7- The plasma membrane is composed of phospholipid bilayer it protects the cell from the external environment, mediates the cellular transport across the cell. It acts as a semi-permeable membrane and monitors the movement of ions and molecules across the membrane. It provides structure and shape to the cell.

Option B - TRUE- Plasma membrane is selectively-permeable towards ions and molecules and regulates the movement of the ions across the membrane.