Question

Explain what happens with the total energy of the system at different trophic levels, indicating how much energy is transferred from one level to the next. Add a pesticide to your food chain and explain what happens with certain persistent chemical residues at different trophic levels.

Answer 1

Hasough Primary Consumer W Q in a food chain the energy is transh ered from one trophic level to another in a hierarchial manner, from producers through primary consumers to top Devel consumers (Carnivores). * Just 10% of the total energy present out a particular trophical level is transfered to the next and the rest of the energy (290%) is lost as heat in the form of heat during energy expendi- ture, respiration ele. The reason for this eneegy loss is I explained by the 1 2nd law of thermodynamics, which states that ar as the energy is transfered, a part of it is lost, so when energy is transfered between different toophie levels, energy loss occurs contineously, and the organisms also utilize a part of this energy for montainace as well. Lets take an example Suw OKJ secondary 7 consumers I conomees. y lost I prootosynesis I look I Primary Prodweers. Clobokilojoules) gooks note roooks is hypothetical in wen cons tertiary

• Persistent chemicals are those which • remain in food after they are applied o to crops. They are magnified (increased) in the food chain as we more from one trophic level to next. for example is a besticide is present in the environment, it will enter an organism of low trophic level like grasshopper. Each grasshopper will i contains a small tomount of pesticide. • of a shrew eats a number of these • Grasshopper, it erill have more pesticide • as its body when next predator eats Some Shrows, it will have faidimore concentrations of pesticides. so the concentration of pesticides increases ise it shows biomagnification move from lower to higher loopleic levels in e Exemple Grasshopper opeenles cf molecules Shrew Pesticide! molecules cf molecules
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