Question

3. (8 pts) Use EVERY possible term to describe the mutational differences between the two sequences below (transition, transversion, point mutation, nucleotide substitution, deletion, insertion, frameshift mutation, nonsense, missense, synonymous, silent, non-synonymous.). There are many ways to describe each mutation. To get full points, use ALL the possible ways to describe each mutation from the list above. Mutations are in red at positions 09, 16, 23, and 35. 000 000 000 111 111 111 122 222 222 223 333 333 333 123 456 789 012 345 678 901 234 567 890 123 456 789 AUG CUC CAU AGA CGG GUU UCU GAA GGG CCU UGU UAG UGA AUG CUC CAC AGA CGG CUU UCU GGA GGG CCU UGU UGG UGA Focus & SPA o Bi e

Answer 1

3.

Mutation	Type of mutation
0,9	Point mutation and the nucleotide substitution mutation as the amino acid synthesis will not be affected due to this mutation and no frameshift will take place. It can also come under the category of silent mutation as well as synonymous mutation
1,6	The mutation belongs to the non-synonymous mutation where the amino acid has been changed on the change of single nucleotide
2,3	Missense point mutation which can either be conservative or non-conservative based on the protein formation changes taking place due to this mutation
3,5	Transversion mutation has been taken place as the nucleotide exchange has been taken place between two purine bases that is A and G

4.

The protein structure is more likely to form in a rigid manner after the mutations have been taken place as per Q.3.

Because the mutation at site 2,3 where the GAA has been converted into GGA the amino acid formation will be changed. GAA codes for the amino acid residue glutamate which is the hydrophilic amino acid and will be present oin the out portion of the protein which more likely will react with the water to maintain the structural inegrity of the protein but in this mutation case the GAA has been converted into the GGA which codes fot the proline and thus it will create difficulty in attaining the secondary structure of protein due to which the structure might distort. The proline has to be a part of backbone of protein but because of mutation it has been exposed on the outer surface.