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Lesson 2.2: Critical Writing Thoroughly answer the question below. Use appropriate academic vocabulary and clear and complete sentences. Describe the roles of enzymes in biochemical reactions. Use specifics in discussing how enzymes work

Answer 1

Enzymes are molecules which catalyse biological reactions. They increase the rate of biological reaction. They are mainly protein molecules except for ribozymes, which are made up of RNA. The speed of the rate of biological reaction to that extent which would have taken millions of years to occur in the absence of enzyme. The increase the rate by decreasing the activation energy of the biological reaction. Activation energy is the amount of energy required to start a reaction or it is the difference between the energy level of substrate and product.

Alll the enzymes are very specific for their substrate, the temperature and pH under which they work. The temperature and pH at which an enzyme work maximally is called as optimum temperature and optimum pH. Any deviation from the optimum value results in a decrease in the activity of enzyme.

The substrate bind to a specific site on the enzyme called as the active site. The active site and substrate are complementary to each other in shape and size. The substrate binds to the active site s a key binds to the lock. This model of interaction between substrate and enzyme is called as lock and key hypothesis.

Another model which explains the interaction between substrate and enzyme is the induced fit theory. The substrate bind to a site on enzyme which is not complementary to it. But after the binding of substrate to that site, the conformation of enzyme changes so that the substrate can tightly fit into the site.

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