Question

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Review the Institute of Medicine's 2010 report "The Future of Nursing: Leading Change, Advancing Health." Write a 750-1,000 word paper discussing the influence of the IOM report on nursing practice. Include the following:

1. Summarize the four messages outlined in the IOM report and explain why these are significant to nursing practice.
2. Discuss the direct influence the IOM report has on nursing education and nursing leadership. Describe the benefits and opportunities for BSN-prepared nurses.
3. Explain why it is important that a nurse's role and education evolve to meet the needs of an aging and increasingly diverse population.
4. Discuss the significance of professional development, or lifelong learning, and its relevance in caring for diverse populations across the life span and within the health-illness continuum.
5. Discuss how nurses can assist in effectively managing patient care within an evolving health care system.

Answer 1

Institute of Medicine (IOM) now known as National Academy of Medicine. On 5 October, 2010 IOM released its report, The Future of Nursing: Leading change, Advancing health, that addressed the crucial role of nurse in a rapidly evolving health care landscape. Four messages outlined by IOM are :

1. Nurses should practice to the full extent of their education and training. Which can be done by utilizing the knowledge in prescribing medication for the patient.
2. Nurses should achieve higher levels of education and training through an improved education system that promotes seamless academic progression. Education should include opportuni­ties for seamless transition into higher degree programs—from licensed practical nurse (LPN)/licensed vocational nurse (LVN) diplomas; to the associate’s (ADN) and bachelor’s (BSN) degrees; to master’s, PhD, and doctor of nursing practice (DNP) degrees.
3. Nurses should be full partners, with physicians and other health professionals, in redesigning health care. Being a full partner involves taking responsi­bility for identifying problems and areas of system waste, devising and implementing improvement plans, tracking improvement over time, and mak­ing necessary adjustments to realize established goals.
4. Effective workforce planning and policy making require better data collection and information infrastructure. Once an improved infrastructure for collecting and analyzing work­force data is in place, systematic assessment and projection of workforce requirements by role, skill mix, region, and demographics will be needed to inform changes in nursing practice and education.

The ways in which nurses were educated dur­ing the 20th century are no longer adequate for dealing with the realities of health care in the 21st century. As patient needs and care environments have become more complex, nurses need to attain requisite competencies to deliver high-quality care. These competencies include leadership, health policy, system improvement, research and evidence-based practice, and teamwork and col­laboration, as well as competency in specific con­tent areas such as community and public health and geriatrics. In the 21st century, the health challenges facing the nation have shifted dra­matically. To respond to these increasing demands, the IOM committee calls for nurses to achieve higher levels of education and suggests that they be educated in new ways that better prepare them to meet the needs of the pop­ulation.

The qualifications and level of education required for entry into the nursing profession have been widely debated by nurses, nursing organiza­tions, academics, and a host of other stakeholders for more than 40 years. Although a BSN education is not a solution for all that is expected of nurses in the future, it does, relative to other educational pathways, introduce students to a wider range of competencies in such arenas as health policy and health care financing, community and public health, leadership, quality improvement, and sys­tems thinking. Care within the hospital continues to grow more complex, with nurses having to make critical decisions associated with care for sicker, frailer patients and having to use more sophisti­cated, life-saving technology coupled with infor­mation management systems that require skills in analysis and synthesis. Care outside the hospital is becoming more complex as well. Nurses are being called on to coordinate care among a variety of cli­nicians and community agencies; to help patients manage chronic illnesses, thereby preventing acute care episodes and disease progression; and to use a variety of technological tools to improve the quality and effectiveness of care. A more edu­cated nursing workforce would be better equipped to meet the demands of an evolving health care system, and this need could be met by increasing the percentage of nurses with a BSN. An increase in the proportion of nurses with a BSN also would create a workforce poised to achieve higher lev­els of education at the master’s and doctoral lev­els, required for nurses to serve as primary care providers, nurse researchers, and nurse faculty— positions currently in great demand. There is improvement in education system, standards are set to enter in the profession, profound change in education improved lifelong learning of nurses. The report emphasizes development of leadership programs that connect nurses’ capacity to lead change, and advance health and health care by creating innovative opportunities for education and professional growth. In addition to many other recommendations, the report calls for interdisciplinary collaboration and underscores the imperative for diversity of the nursing workforce to more appropriately reflect the diversity.

The nursing profession is making a wide-reaching impact by providing quality, patient-centered, accessible, and affordable care. In a changing health care culture and landscape, with increasing importance placed on interprofessional collaboration, the Campaign, the field of nursing, and stakeholders in other professions working to improve health care delivery can continue to make significant contributions by addressing challenges in the areas of health care delivery and scope of practice, education, collaboration, leadership, diversity in the nursing profession, and workforce data. Removing barrier to practice and care, transforming Education, Collaborating and leading, promoting diversity and improving data. No single profession, working alone, can meet the complex needs of patients and communities. Nurses should continue to develop skills and competencies in leadership and innovation and collaborate with

other professionals in health care delivery and health system redesign.