Question

Chemicals present in some pesticides ________.
a. resemble the phosphate groups found in DNA.
b. cause mutations by binding to the DNA polymerase.

c. cause base insertion mutations.
d. change the structure of DNA bases.

5. During DNA replication, DNA polymerase _________.

a. adds nucleotides

b. detects errors
c. removes the incorrect nucleotide and inserts the correct nucleotide d. all of the choices

Answer 1

Question:

Answer: cause base insertion mutation

Explanation: chemical present in the pesticides Atrazine, chlordane, DDT etc. as the tendency to interact with genetic material of organism. DNA is genetic material and pesticide can damage the structure and functionality of DNA. Interaction of chemicals present in pesticides leads to base insertion mutation which ended in a frameshift mutation.

Question 5:

Answer: All of the choice.

Explanation: DNA polymerase is most crucial enzyme used in DNA replication. There is 3 type of DNA polymerase and all enzymes have their own functionality.

1) DNA Polymerase I: Help in filling of gap, DNA repair and can work in 5’-3’ and 3’-5’ direction

2) DNA polymerase II: DNA Repair and can work in 3’-5’

3) DNA polymerase III: Replication, proofreading, editing and can work in 3’-5’

4) Mentioned DNA polymerase enzymes can add nucleotide, find out error and repair it. Hence, DNA polymerase’s function includes all options.