Question

In a 300 word paragraph, Describe the short term and long term response loops that regulate blood volume and blood pressure.

Answer 1

2 types of nervous system receptors are involvedin short term regulation of BP. These are baroreceptors and chemo receptors

As the amount of stretch in vesselwall decreases due to low BP , baroreceptors present in vessel wall activates and tell the brain to trigger the nerves that control the muscles in artery walls, thus causing vasoconstriction and resulting in increase in bp.

The chemoreceptors get activated on detecting low oxygen levels in blood due to low bp.they then tell the brain to cause vasoconstriction .

The humoral mechanisms involved in short term regulation include Renin angiotensin aldosterone system RAA and vasopressin. They increase the sodium and fluid retention in the body causing an increase in blood volume and thus increasing bp.

Long term regulation of bp and blood volume is done by controlling sodium and water levels in the body

Cardiopulmonary receptors

Baroreceptors

Pressure natriuresis

Arterial bp regulation in carotid sinus

Controlled diet and nutrition

Exercises