Homework Answers
Importance of TRAP instruction for syscalls:
Syscalls are often executed as TRAP so that code can be executed in a privileged or kernel mode. It is helpful when there is a need to manipulate or modify critical resources. When TRAP instruction is executed, the processor enters kernel mode and can execute the required service routine in the core of the operating system.
Regular function calls are different. They are associated with asynchronous events. TRAP instruction is used with synchronous events in the current program being executed. Also, regular function calls don't need the processor to enter kernel mode.
Steps taken by processor for TRAP instruction:
- If the processor is executing a program, the value of the program counter for this program is pushed on stack.
- The program goes now to another well-known address.
- The address of jump instruction is loaded.
- This loaded address refers to the code of trap.
- The processor now switches to kernel mode from user mode to execute the trap instructions.
Add Answer to:
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There are several metrics that measure the performance of a
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/#instructions
2.CPU execution time = #instructions x CPI x clock cycle time
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cylce time = 1/CPU clock rate in hertz units
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1000000
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Design and implement a C Language program that measures the
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There are several metrics that measure the performance of a
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1.CPI (clock cycles per instruction) = #clock cycles
/#instructions
2.CPU execution time = #instructions x CPI x clock cycle time
.
cylce time = 1/CPU clock rate in hertz units
3.MIPS (mega instructions per second)= #instrucrions/ CPU X
1000000
Typically, processors’ performance is measured using a wide...
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