Homework Answers
The reaction catalyzed by the E2 enzymatic component (Dihydrolipoyl transacetylase) of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is highlighted in the figure below-
Pyruvate dehydrogenase is responsible for the oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA. This reaction involves the cofactors TPP (associated with E1); Lipoic acid and CoA (associated with E2); NAD+ and FAD (associated with E3).
TPP is required for decarboxylation of pyruvate, by E1, to produce hydroxyethyl-TPP, then the hydroxyethyl group is oxidised to acetyl group. The electrons from this oxidation reduce the disulfide of lipoate attached to E2, and the acetyl group is transferred to reduced lipoate. E2 catalyzes the transfer of acetyl group to coenzyme A, forming acetyl-CoA. E3 then catalyzes the regeneration of the disulfide (oxidised) form of lipoate; electrons first pass to FAD and then to NAD+.
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Write out the reaction catalyzed by the E2 enzymatic component of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. Describe...
Which subunits of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex are homologous to those in the glycine cleavage system?...
Which subunits of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex are homologous to those in the glycine cleavage system? Explain the role of each cofactor in the glycine cleavage system as it compares to those in the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex.
(5 points): The alpha-ketogluterate dehydrogenase complex uses three proteins and 5 different co-factors to convert pyruvate...
(5 points): The alpha-ketogluterate dehydrogenase complex uses three proteins and 5 different co-factors to convert pyruvate to acetyl-CoA. Identify these three proteins and five co-factors and describe the chemical role that each plays in the reaction mechanism of the a-KGDH complex. Write the balanced equation for the overall reaction catalyzed by this enzyme.
Identify the statements that accurately describe the structure of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex. Select all that apply. E2 contains three functionally distinct domains. A regulatory kinase...
Identify the statements that accurately describe the structure of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex. Select all that apply. E2 contains three functionally distinct domains. A regulatory kinase and phosphatase are part of the mammalian PDH complex. The complex contains multiple copies of E2 and single copies of several other enzymes. several copies each of El and E3 Surround-2. The core of the complex is made up of several copies of E2
Identify the statements that accurately describe the structure of...
All of the following are cofactors used in the reaction catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase EXCEPT ________....
All of the following are cofactors used in the reaction catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase EXCEPT ________. All of the following are cofactors used in the reaction catalyzed by pyruvate dehydrogenase EXCEPT ________. Biotin NAD+ FAD Thiamine pyrophosphate
Which of the following answers complete the sentence correctly? The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is activated by:...
Which of the following answers complete the sentence correctly? The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is activated by: Select one or more: a. decreased levels of insulin b. phosphorylation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase component E1 c. stimulation of a specific phosphatase by Ca2+ d. decrease of the NADH/NAD+ ratio e. inhibition of a specific kinase by pyruvate
(a) Match a cofactor of pyruvate dehydrogenase with function given in the box. Cofactor A. Coenzyme...
(a) Match a cofactor of pyruvate dehydrogenase with function given in the box. Cofactor A. Coenzyme A (COA-SH) B. NAD C. Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) D. FAD E. Lipoamide in oxidized form Functions: Acyl acceptor Electron sink Nucleophile A swinging arm General base ® Oxidizer © Electron conduit Hydrogen atom carrier Reductant (b) Which one of the five steps of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex reaction is most likely to be metabolically irreversible? Explain.
Identify the statements that accurately describe the structure of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex. Select all...
Identify the statements that accurately describe the structure of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex. Select all that apply. A regulatory kinase and phosphatase are part of the mammalian PDH complex. Several copies each fo E_1 and E_3 surround E_2. E_2 contains three domains. The complex contains multiplex is made up of several copies of E_1.
1. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA. What are the steps that pyruvate undergoes?...
1. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA. What are the steps that pyruvate undergoes? Which coenzymes are involved in each step? 2. Mitochondrial extracts from pigeon breast muscle were incubated with Experiment 1: Amytal, an inhibitor of complex I Experiment 2: Malonate, a competitive inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase Which experiment will yield more ATP when the cycle is primed with intermediates?
The step in metabolism that converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA involves pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is shown. NADH...
The step in metabolism that converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA involves pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is shown. NADH NAD Correm A CEO CH co G Pyruvate AwA What is true about this step? ATP is required but not shown The enzyme is a multi-enzyme complex involving TPP. It requires O2 It is an easily reversible reaction
What cofactor would be needed to carry out the following reaction catalyzed by the Krebs cycle...
What cofactor would be needed to carry out the following reaction catalyzed by the Krebs cycle enzyme isocitrate dehydrogenase?
Identify the statements that accurately describe the structure of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex. Select all that apply. E2 contains three functionally distinct domains. A regulatory kinase and phosphatase are part of the mammalian PDH complex. The complex contains multiple copies of E2 and single copies of several other enzymes. several copies each of El and E3 Surround-2. The core of the complex is made up of several copies of E2
Identify the statements that accurately describe the structure of...
(a) Match a cofactor of pyruvate dehydrogenase with function given in the box. Cofactor A. Coenzyme A (COA-SH) B. NAD C. Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) D. FAD E. Lipoamide in oxidized form Functions: Acyl acceptor Electron sink Nucleophile A swinging arm General base ® Oxidizer © Electron conduit Hydrogen atom carrier Reductant (b) Which one of the five steps of the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex reaction is most likely to be metabolically irreversible? Explain.
Identify the statements that accurately describe the structure of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex. Select all that apply. A regulatory kinase and phosphatase are part of the mammalian PDH complex. Several copies each fo E_1 and E_3 surround E_2. E_2 contains three domains. The complex contains multiplex is made up of several copies of E_1.
The step in metabolism that converts pyruvate to acetyl-CoA involves pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is shown. NADH NAD Correm A CEO CH co G Pyruvate AwA What is true about this step? ATP is required but not shown The enzyme is a multi-enzyme complex involving TPP. It requires O2 It is an easily reversible reaction
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