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Explain how a white blood cell (leukocyte) uses protein-sugar interactions within a blood vessel to find the site of inflamma

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Answer #1

Leukocyte in order to reach inflamed site needs to adhere to and pass through endothelial cells of blood vessels. This process is known as extravasation. Neutrophils are the first leukocyte reaching the inflamed site. For this , leukocyte as well as endothelial cells express cell adhesion molecules (CAMs).

4 types of CAMs found are:

1. Selectins

2. Mucins

3. Integrins

4. Ig superfamily CAMs

Selectins are the glycoproteins found on surface of leukocyte (L selectin) as well as endothelial cells of blood vessels.(E and P selectin).

These bind to the carbohydrate(sugar) moiety via its lectin domain linked to mucin like molecules bound on leukocyte or endothelial cells of blood vessels.

Mucin CAMs selectins

GlyCAM 1(blood vessel) L selectin ( leukocyte)

CD 34 (leukocyte) P selectin (blood vessel)

PSGL1 (leukocyte) E selectin (blood vessel)

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