Question

Question 1: This question may be completed independently or as a group exercise. You have learned that humans have 46 total chromosomes, and chimpanzees have 48 total chromosomes. Use other textbooks in biological anthropology and biology (or reputable online resources) to find the number of chromosomes in other organisms. Give an organism with considerably more chromosomes than humans. Give an organism with considerably fewer chromosomes than humans. Did your findings surprise you? What did your research suggest about the relationship between chromosome number and organism complexity?

2. This question may be completed independently or as a group discussion. What do you think might happen if a person had two X chromosomes and one Y chromosome? Would this person be male or female? What would they look like?

3. Why is it important that meiosis result in daughter cells that have half of the original cell’s chromosomes?

4. How are RNA and DNA similar? How are they different?

Answer 1

Answer1: Hermit crab with 127 pairs of chromosomes for a grand total of 254 is the example of organisum with considerably more chromosomes than humans. Australian ant , Myrmecia pilosula with one chromosome is a example of with considerably fewer chromosomes than humans.

The number of chromosomes does not have anything to do with how complicated or advanced a living being is. Chromosomes are made up of DNA. More DNA does not means more complexity.The number of chromosomes can and does change over time. A million or two years ago, people had the same number of chromosomes as today's patatos (48). Then two chromosomes ended up stuck together, now most every human has 46 insted of 48.Our ancestors with more chromosomes were not more advanced than us. They just had their DNA packaged a bit differently. So the number of chromosems has nothing to do with what or how complected something is.

Answer2: A person had two X chromosomes and one Y chromosomes is a male. This condition is known as klinefeter syndrome(XXY). This male would has longer legs,horter torso & broader hips compared with other boys and after puberty shows less muscle and less facial and body hair compared with othe teens

Answer3: Meiosis enable the production of gametes. Each gamete has only half of the no. of chromosomes of the parent cell. This is necessary because fertilized ovum contains chromosomes from both the male and female gamete. So meiosis(half no.of chromosomes in daughter cells) is important to ensures that all organisms produced via sexual reproduction contain the correct no. of chromosomes.

Answer4: RNA & DNA both are nuclic acid of nitrogen contaning basis joined by sugar phosphate back bone.

RNA is a single stranded whereas DNA is double stranded. DNA has thymine, whereas RNA has uracil.