Question

 Discuss some of the ways in which fossils are formed.

 Examine, draw/diagram, and describe THREE of the various specimens including at least one example of:

 . fossil wood

 . fossil leaves

 . raw amber (un-polished fossil sap)

 . polished amber with fossil moth inclusion. 

Answer 1

Fossil - it is remains of animals and plants which has buried in ground and preserve within sedimentary rock that give pre historic time which has been imposed or existed on earth earth.

Fossil gives Idea about activities and appearance of organism that existed in past time.

Fossil provide us to determine past environment condition, age determination , stratigraphic correlation and biostratigraphy.

How Fossil form -

Fossilization is the process when organism is buried it converts to fossil by the gradual change of body parts.

Hard parts are preserved and soft parts alteration take place.

When organism buried it suddenly deposition of sediments need as results it will more preserve.

Fossil formed by two conditions.

Environmental condition and chemical condition.

Environmental conditions - dead plants or animal must be deposit under reducing condition because in oxidation condition total body will destroy.

Chemical condition -

when a organism is deposited it's soft part decomposition by bacteria and hard part is preserved.

In hard part of body some replacement occured as result minerals set in bone.

Fossil wood -

It is the process where plants hard part totally replaced by minerals and mineral placed in hard parts position.

This process called petrification.

Fossil wood is made up of calcite ,sillica and iron compound.

Ex - when tree trunk replacement by silicate minerals , as results petrified wood formed.

Fossil leaves - leaf impressions within rock bed due to totally alteration of leaf soft parts and only preserved of leaf impression on rock bed.

Example - glossopteris and gangamopteris.

Amber - these are formed from soft like tree resin that is buried under ground and some chemical alternation take place.

It is the shape of roods ,noudle and irregular drop shape.

fossil woods (Truee trunk) srąstino o centre of stem. Sila Pilaul Vessels fossil leaus Si m idreb y trace of main frond. I Glossopteris) polish with inclusion Amber inclusion Burmese amber) (Burmese amben