Question

task 1: In digital electronics and modern computer hardware, a flip-flop is sequential digital circuit used as a basic memory element. It has two stable states and can be used to store state information. One of its states represents '1' while the other represents '0'. The most common types of flip-flops are SR-flip-flop, JK-flip-flop, and D flip-flop. When used in a finite-state machine, the output and next state depend not only on its current input, but also on its current state (and hence, previous inputs). Considering the memory element in Figure 1. perform the following tasks: a. Simulate the Figure 1 using C programming. Show the steps of your design in the form of a short report. b. Design 8-bit shift register and simulate it using C, that can multiply or divide the 8-bit number by 4. Show the steps of your design in the form of a short report. please write i. C code (Efficient logic, use of loops and conditional statements) and testing. ii. Short description of code and steps of development process to design the code including flow chart. i C code (Efficient logic, use of loops and conditional statements) and testing. ii. Short description of code and steps of development process to design the code for the 8-bit shift register including flow chart and schematic diagram. Stage 2 Stage 1

Answer 1

C - PROGRAM

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

int main()

{

int CP, D, Q, Q_Not;

printf("Enter the Clock Pulse & Input state = ");

scanf("%d %d", &CP, &D);

if(CP==0)

{

printf("There will be no output as the Clock Pulse is zero.\n");

}

else if(CP==1)

{

if(D==0)

{

Q=0;

Q_Not = 1;

}

else {

Q= 1;

Q_Not =0;

}

}

printf("Q = %d\nQ' = %d ", Q, Q_Not);

return 0;

}

Screen shot of C code:

Output:

The steps of the above design are as follows:
1. Draw the Truth table using the formula D = Q(t+1).
2. Take CP & D as inputs for Clock Pulse & Input State.
3. Now use the truth table in C code for putting

conditions.
4. Conditions:
if (CP==0):
No change in States;
else if (CP == 1):
if ( D==0):
Q = 0;
Q' = 1;
else:
Q = 1;
Q' = 0;
5. END.