Question

n your own words, define the pairs of terms given below. Write in complete sentences, stating the differences and relationships between the two terms, and give specific examples where appropriate. A complete answer usually requires four to eight sentences.

Each question is worth four marks, for a total of 40 marks.

1. basidium / ascus

2. Deuteromycota / Ascomycota

3. mosses / club mosses

4. monocots / conifers

5. pseudocoelomate animals / acoelomate animals

6. indeterminate cleavage / spiral cleavage

7. amphibians / amniotes

8. mucosa / duodenum

9. Permian extinction / dinosaurs

10. invasive species / RUE

Answer 1

Basidium/Ascus – The basidium is a type of microscopic sporangium which is found in the fruiting body of the basidiomycete. They are able to produce sexually reproduced bodies known as basidiospores. The basidium is the site of karyogamy and the meiosis. The ascus is cylindrical shape and the spores made from ascus is known as ascomycete. The similarity is that both are fungal spores that are able to reproduce sexually.

Deuteromycota/Ascomycota – The reproduction is done by asexual mode and it is also known as fungi imperfecti. They produce the septate mycelium and they mostly reproduce with help of asexual reproduction with help of conidia. The ascomycota is formation of the ascus which is a sac like structure and it contains haploid ascospores. They have either unicellular or multicellular body and forms sexual spores in asci.

Mosses/Club mosses – The mosses are non vascular plants and are able to produce spores and do not produce seeds and grow flowers. They are small seedless green plant which appears as dense clump or mat and some of them have conducting tissues. The club mosses have needle-like leaves and each of it has a spore capsule which is kidney shaped and is present at the base.

Monocots/Conifers – The monocots is one of the main division of flowering plants and in monocot there is just one cotyledon whereas conifers are the seed plants that produce the cones and consist of the vascular tissues.