Question

Identify a true statement according to the threaded cognition theory proposed by Salvucci and Taatgen (2008).

Multiple Choice

• Consciousness is a place where one temporarily attends to information at hand or deemed important.

• One should be able to capture the process of awareness emerging gradually, in an incremental fashion.

• A particular resource, such as a perceptual system or a motor system, can only be used by one task at a time.

• One does not notice potential distracters when a primary task consumes all of one's attentional capacity.

Which of the following statements is true according to the psychoanalytic theory by Sigmund Freud?

Multiple Choice

• Dreams consolidate long-term memories by strengthening the neural traces of re­cent events.

• Dreams operate on two distinct levels of con­sciousness.

• Dreams are not that dif­ferent from everyday thinking.

• Dreams keep existing memories stable, even when new experiences attempt to interfere with older memories.

Which of the following is a characteristic of children with chronic sleep disturbances?

Multiple Choice

• Improved cognitive development

• Increased neural connectivity in the brain

• Growth of neurons in key memory areas of the brain

• Decreased neural connectivity in the brain

In the context of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, which of the following statements is true of alpha waves?

Multiple Choice

• They are rapid, low-energy waves.

• They are slower, higher-energy waves than beta waves.

• They are slower, lower-energy waves than theta waves.

• They are rapid, higher-energy waves than delta waves.

Which of the following statements is true of people who are minimally conscious?

Multiple Choice

• They have lower mental activity than their observable behavior suggests.

• They do not intentionally track a person with their eyes.

• They show signs of intentional behavior, but they cannot communicate.

• They show behavioral response to the world around them even though their eyes are closed.

In the context of memory and the brain, identify an accurate statement about how prescription stimulants affect memory.

Multiple Choice

• Prescription stimulants that can effectively treat Alzheimer's disease are several years away from being approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

• Prescription drugs that enhance sleep have been shown to be effective at dampening traumatic memories.

• Higher doses of prescription stimulants can actually interfere with and block memory formation.

• Studies show that prescription stimulants dramatically improve short-term memory and retention.

Answer 1

According to Threaded Theory by Salvucci and Taatgen (2008):
- A particular resource, such as a perceptual system or a motor system, can only be used by one task at a time.

As per psychoanalytical theory of dreams by Freud:
- Dreams keep existing memories stable, even when new experiences attempt to interfere with older memories.

Characteristic of children with chronic sleep disturbances:
- Decreased neural connectivity in the brain

In the context of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, alpha waves are
- Slower, lower-energy waves than theta waves.

The people who are minimally conscious:
- They show signs of intentional behavior, but they cannot communicate

In the context of memory and the brain
- Studies show that prescription stimulants dramatically improve short-term memory and retention.