2) Treatment of influenza infected cells with actinomycin D and -amanitin, which inhibit the activity of...
2) Treatment of influenza infected cells with actinomycin D and -amanitin, which inhibit the activity of the cellular RNA polymerase II, shuts down the synthesis of viral mRNAs. Explain the mechanism of this inhibition.
Homework Answers
- Actinomycin D inhibits the intracellular transport of influenza viral RNA. The transportation of vRNPs to the cell nucleus from the cytoplasm is inhibited. The vRNPs are required for the replication of the genetic material. Actinomycin D is reported to bind the DNA at the transcription initiation complex and prevents the elongation of the RNA by RNA polymerase.
- Alpha amanitin, on the other hand, communicates with the bridge helix in RNA polymerase II. This association interferes with the translocation of RNA and DNA which is required for emptying the site for the subsequent rounds of RNA synthesis.
The α-amanitin is reported to reduce the rate of translocation of polymerase II on DNA from several thousand to a few nucleotides per minute. Eventually, the rate of synthesis of RNA is slowed down or is completely blocked.
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