Question

The genetic code is "redundant" because:

Question 1 options:

Each amino acid is specified by only a single codon

Most amino acids are specified by multiple codons

Codons are groups of four consecutive DNA bases

Each codon can specify multiple amino acids

Question 2 (1 point)
A mutation in the DNA may not result in change in protein function because:

Question 2 options:

Many different amino acids share similar chemical properties, so can substitute for one another without altering function of a protein.

Changes to the DNA never result in changes to proteins.

All mutations are removed by selection.

Mutations that change the protein sequence are always compensated for by changes elsewhere in a protein.

Question 3 (1 point)
If a small group of people sailed from Australia and established a colony on a deserted Pacific island, this would be an example of:

Question 3 options:

A Founder Effect

Gene flow

Natural selection

Meiosis

Question 4 (1 point)
Genetic drift is:

Question 4 options:

a result of strong natural selection

The change of the frequency of genes in a population in the absence of selection.

is not a random process

the creation of new genes in a population

Question 5 (1 point)
Which of the following is an example of a fitness "trade-off"?

Question 5 options:

A gene that makes an organism more attractive to mates and results in a larger family size.

A gene which makes an organism have larger numbers of offspring, but devote fewer resources to raising them to adulthood.

A gene that increases the age of sexual maturity and decreases resistance to bacterial infection.

A gene which decreases the age of sexual maturity but also increases the likelihood of dying in childhood

Answer 1

1. Redundant means that one amino acid can be coded by different or multiple codons.

So, the correct answer will be b. As this is the only correct meaning of redundant.

2.

Many different amino acids share similar chemical properties, so can substitute for one another without altering function of a protein.

This statement is correct.

Changes to the DNA never result in changes to proteins.

This statement is wrong as changes in DNA lead to changes in the structure of protein.
All mutations are removed by selection.

It is not necessary that all mutations can be removed.

Mutations that change the protein sequence are always compensated for by changes elsewhere in a protein.

It is again not necessary that changes in the protein structure will be compensated.

So, the correct answer is first statement.

3. When a population is formed by small number of people who have come from a larger population then this will be known as founder effect.

Gene flow is about mixing of genes of two population.

So, the correct answer will be founder effect.