Substances involved in the metabolism of protein, fat, carbohydrates. These substances get deposited in the blood due to the disruption of any normal metabolic pathway. This includes
phenylketonuria- PKU is caused by failure to inherit the gene to
produce the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase.
Tyrosyluria- It is accumulation of tyrosine in the plasma.
Alkaptonuria- This is due to the failure to produce the enzyme
homogentisic acid.
Melanuria- It is due to the presence of melanin in the
urine.
Cystinuria- Elevated levels of cystine in the blood.
briefly explain the abnormal accumulation of metabolites in urine terms of overflow renal disorders
14.Which of the following terms is an abnormal overflow of tears caused by blockage of the lacrimal duct? Select one: a. hordeolum b. epiphora c. entropion d. lacrimation 15.Chalaza means: Select one: a. nodular inflammation b. hailstone c. dim d. a slackening 16.A cochlear implant would be recommended for patients with what type of hearing loss? Select one: a. severe in both ears b. mild in both ears c. mild in one ear d. severe in one ear
Place the following disorders in correct classification of renal dysfunction (prerenal, intrarenal, postrenal) and explain why it fits in that category. Polycystic Kidney Disease Urolithiasis Glomerulonephritis Hypotension Dehydration Nephrotoxic Drugs
Explain how the renal medullary osmotic gradient is generated and maintained. Describe how this is important for the regulation of water balance and urine volume. Include the terms Loop of Henle, aquaporin and antidiuretic hormone.
Briefly explain why normal urine contains inorganic ions? (hint: Where do they come from?)
Briefly outline how urine is formed and explain why desert mammals have much more efficient kidneys (can produce very concentrated urine) than non-desert mammals i.e length of the loop of Henle
Case A urine specimen is collected from a 7-year-old girl with a history of several recent infections. She is seen because of lethargy, pallor, and facial edema and is found to have generalized edema. The urine specimen is pale but noticeably foamy. Urinalysis Results: Physical Appearance: color: pale transparency: hazy foam: Chemical Screening: large quantity, white pH: 6 specific gravity: 1.010 protein (strip) >2000 mg/dL protein (SSA) 4+ blood negative nitrite negative leukocyte esterase negative glucose negative ketones negative bilirubin...
1. Briefly explain the meaning of the following terms in the context of this laboratory exercise. centrifugation- decantation- 2. What is the purpose of checking for completeness of precipitation? Briefly explain how this is done
Chapter 12 – Articulation and Assemblage1. Briefly define the terms Articulation and Assemblage.2. Briefly explain what “lines of tendential force” are.
Define and briefly explain the terms logos, ethos, and pathos. What are the possible goals of a persuasive speech? Describe the steps in Monroe’s motivated sequence pattern.
Define and briefly explain the significance of each of the following terms. a. unemployment rate b. crowding-out effect c. business cycle d. inflation rate e. multiplier